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In musical notation, an accidental is a symbol that indicates an alteration of a given pitch. The most common accidentals are the flat ( ♭ ) and the sharp ( ♯ ), which represent alterations of a semitone , and the natural ( ♮ ), which cancels a sharp or flat.
Musical symbols are marks and symbols in musical notation that indicate various aspects of how a piece of music is to be performed. There are symbols to communicate information about many musical elements, including pitch, duration, dynamics, or articulation of musical notes; tempo, metre, form (e.g., whether sections are repeated), and details about specific playing techniques (e.g., which ...
In modern Western music notation, a natural (♮) is a musical symbol that cancels a previous sharp or flat on a note in the written music. The natural indicates that the note is at its unaltered pitch. [1] ♮
The flat symbol (♭) is used in two ways: It is placed in key signatures to mark lines whose notes are flattened throughout that section of music; it may also be an "accidental" that precedes an individual note and indicates that the note should be lowered temporarily, until the following bar line.
In modern notation they do not apply to notes in other octaves or measure, but this was not always the convention. If a sharp is used as an accidental, it can be cancelled on a subsequent similar note in the staff, measure and octave by using a flat (♭) or a natural (♮).
Unfigured bass, less commonly known as under-figured bass, is a kind of musical notation used during the Baroque music era in Western Classical music (ca. 1600–1750) in which a basso continuo performer playing a chordal instrument (e.g., harpsichord, organ, or lute) improvises a chordal accompaniment from a notated bass line which lacks the guidance of figures indicating which harmonies ...
The precise meaning of mordent has changed over the years. In the Baroque period, a mordent was a lower mordent and an upper mordent was a pralltriller or schneller.In the 19th century, however, the name mordent was generally applied to what is now called the upper mordent, and the lower mordent became known as an inverted mordent.
Unlike conventional musical notation, the Dodeka music notation system uses a chromatic scale of 12 pitches and follows an equal pitch intervals configuration, with 4 lines per octave. [1] In this configuration, the 12 notes of an octave appear in four positions vis-à-vis the staff lines , that is, either on, between, above and below the lines.