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Attitudes towards acculturation, and thus the range of acculturation strategies available, have not been consistent over time. For example, for most of American history, policies and attitudes have been based around established ethnic hierarchies with an expectation of one-way assimilation for predominantly White European immigrants. [27]
The concept of acculturation strategies refers to some different ways for how groups and individuals seek to live together, using the four concepts of integration (engaging both cultures), assimilation or separation (engaging only one or the other culture) and marginalisation (engaging neither culture).
A conceptualization describes cultural assimilation as similar to acculturation [5] [6] while another merely considers the former as one of the latter's phases. [1] Throughout history there have been different forms of cultural assimilation examples of types of acculturation include voluntary and involuntary assimilation. [7]
In second-language acquisition, the acculturation model is a theory proposed by John Schumann to describe the acquisition process of a second language (L2) by members of ethnic minorities [1] that typically include immigrants, migrant workers, or the children of such groups. [2]
Assimilation effects arise in fields of social cognition, for example in the field of judgment processes or in social comparison. Whenever researchers conduct attitude surveys and design questionnaires, they have to take judgment processes and resulting assimilation effects into account. Assimilation and contrast effects may arise through the ...
Gradually, the trainee from culture B starts thinking like the people from culture A. In a way, s/he learns to get “into the shoes” of the people from the other culture. The result is a training program that makes people more comfortable in working in the other culture. This was tested by assigning trainees randomly to two groups.
Cultural psychology is the study of how cultures reflect and shape their members' psychological processes. [1] It is based on the premise that the mind and culture are inseparable and mutually constitutive. The concept involves two propositions: firstly, that people are shaped by their culture, and secondly, that culture is shaped by its people ...
The child usually interacts with more people from the new culture than the culture of their parents. School attendance plays a significant role in the shift of values and attitudes. The acculturation gap-distress hypothesis states that because the parent and child acculturate at different rates, the acculturation gap exists.