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The inclusion of unconventional shale gas with conventional gas reserves has caused a sharp increase in estimated recoverable natural gas in Canada. [1] Until the 1990s success of hydraulic fracturing in the Barnett Shales of north Texas, shale gas was classed as "unconventional reserves" and was considered too expensive to recover.
In 1996, shale gas wells in the United States produced 0.3 × 10 ^ 12 cu ft (8.5 km 3), 1.6% of US gas production; by 2006, production had more than tripled to 1.1 × 10 ^ 12 cu ft (31 km 3) per year, 5.9% of US gas production. By 2005, there were 14,990 shale gas wells in the US. [20]
The most shale gas activity in Canada has taken place in the province of British Columbia. [15] In 2015, 80% of the natural gas production in the province was produced from unconventional sources, where the portion of the Montney Formation located in British Columbia (BC) contributed 3.4 billion cubic feet (96 million cubic metres) per day ...
A map of 48 shale basins in 38 countries, based on US Energy Information Administration data, 2011. This is a list of countries by recoverable shale gas based on data collected by the Energy Information Administration agency of the United States Department of Energy. [1]
In 2000 shale gas provided only 1% of U.S. natural gas production; by 2010 it was over 20% and the U.S. Energy Information Administration predicted that by 2035, 46% of the United States' natural gas supply will come from shale gas.
China completed its first horizontal shale gas well in 2011 and 200 by 2014. [17] A global shale gas study by the US Energy Information Administration said China's technically recoverable shale gas reserves were almost 50% higher than those of the number two nation, the United States. [18]
In 1965, 510 million cubic metres (18 × 10 ^ 9 cu ft) of oil shale gas were produced and 16.5 million tonnes of oil shale were mined in Estonia. [93] In Russia, the Slantsy oil shale gas extraction plant was built for supplying oil shale gas to Leningrad and the first unit of the Slantsy oil-shale-fired power plant were commissioned in 1952.
(see: Shale gas in Canada) Gas hydrates consist of natural gas trapped in ice crystals in areas of permafrost and on the ocean floor. In 1985, unconventional gas production received a boost when the United States introduced incentives to encourage the development of energy alternatives.