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  2. Immunoglobulin G - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_G

    The water-accessible surface area of an IgG antibody. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody. Representing approximately 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in blood circulation. [1] IgG molecules are created and released by plasma B cells. Each IgG antibody has two paratopes.

  3. Organization and expression of immunoglobulin genes

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organization_and...

    Also at first, the mature B cell expresses membrane-bound IgD and IgM. These two classes could switch to secretory IgD and IgM during the processing of mRNAs. Finally, further class switching follows as the cell keep dividing and differentiating. For instance, IgM switches to IgG which switches to IgA that eventually switches to IgE

  4. Polyclonal antibodies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyclonal_antibodies

    Polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) are antibodies that are secreted by different B cell lineages within the body (whereas monoclonal antibodies come from a single cell lineage). They are a collection of immunoglobulin molecules that react against a specific antigen, each identifying a different epitope.

  5. Immunoglobulin class switching - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_class_switching

    Mechanism of class-switch recombination that allows isotype switching in activated B cells. Immunoglobulin class switching, also known as isotype switching, isotypic commutation or class-switch recombination (CSR), is a biological mechanism that changes a B cell's production of immunoglobulin from one type to another, such as from the isotype IgM to the isotype IgG. [1]

  6. Immune complex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_complex

    IgG immune complexes are the ligand for these receptors and immune complex binding to these receptors induces apoptosis, or cell death. After B cells are activated, they differentiate into plasma cells and cease to express BCR but continue to express FcγRIIb, which allows IgG immune complexes to regulate IgG production via negative feedback ...

  7. Classical complement pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_complement_pathway

    Immunotherapies have been developed to detect and destroy cells infected by the HIV virus via classical complement activation. [9] This process involves creating synthetic peptides that target conserved regions in HIV specific proteins and induce an antibody specific immune response through IgG antibodies.

  8. Antibody - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody

    Each antibody binds to a specific antigen in a highly specific interaction analogous to a lock and key.. An antibody (Ab) or immunoglobulin (Ig) is a large, Y-shaped protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily which is used by the immune system to identify and neutralize antigens such as bacteria and viruses, including those that cause disease.

  9. Complement-dependent cytotoxicity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement-dependent_cyto...

    Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) is an effector function of IgG and IgM antibodies.When they are bound to surface antigen on target cell (e.g. bacterial or viral infected cell), the classical complement pathway is triggered by bonding protein C1q to these antibodies, resulting in formation of a membrane attack complex (MAC) and target cell lysis.

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