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Black Saturday, 24 September 1983, is the name given to the crisis when the Hong Kong dollar exchange rate versus the United States dollar was at an all-time low. On that day, US$1 exchanged for HK$9.6. [1] For a period, Hong Kong stores began quoting products in US dollar prices, because of the uncertain fluctuation in domestic currency.
Sterling exchange: Standard exchange rate: £1:HK$16 (December 1935 – November 1967) £1:HK$14.55 (November 1967 – June 1972) July 1972 – November 1974 Fixed exchange rate against the US dollar: Exchange rate: US$1:HK$5.650 (June 1972 – February 1973) US$1:HK$5.085 (February 1973 – November 1974) November 1974 – October 1983 Free ...
Stock disaster in 1973 (1973–74 stock market crash) 1980s. Stock disaster in 1983 (Negotiation deadlock between China and United Kingdom on Transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong) Stock disaster in 1987 (Black Monday) Stock disaster in 1989 (Tiananmen Square protests) 1990s. Bear market from 1997 to 1998 (Asian financial crisis) 2000s
In 1985, 20-dollar notes were introduced, whilst, in 1993, a 10-dollar coin was introduced and the banks stopped issuing 10-dollar notes. In 1994, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA), gave authority to the Bank of China to issue notes. The 1-cent note issued by the Government was demonetised and ceased to be legal tender on 1 October 1995.
Troops paid in dollars found merchants were willing to convert unlimited amounts of US banknotes to the local currency at the floating (black market) conversion rate. It was much more favorable to the GIs than the government fixed conversion rate. Servicemen thus profited from the more favorable exchange rate on the black market. [citation needed]
Black Monday (also known as Black Tuesday in some parts of the world due to time zone differences) was the global, severe and largely unexpected [1] stock market crash on Monday, October 19, 1987. Worldwide losses were estimated at US$1.71 trillion. [ 2 ]
The same mechanism also works when the market rate is above 7.80, and the banks will convert Hong Kong dollars for US dollars. The Hong Kong dollar is backed by one of the world's largest foreign exchange reserves, which is over 7 times the amount of money supplied in circulation or about 48% of Hong Kong dollars M3 at the end of April 2016. [3]
The economy of Hong Kong is a highly developed free-market economy. It is characterised by low taxation, almost free port trade and a well-established international financial market. [15] [16] Its currency, called the Hong Kong dollar, is legally issued by three major international commercial banks, [17] and is pegged to the US dollar.