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Diseases caused by pollution, lead to the chronic illness and deaths of about 8.4 million people each year. However, pollution receives a fraction of the interest from the global community. [1] This is in part because pollution causes so many diseases that it is often difficult to draw a straight line between cause and effect.
Air pollution costs the world economy $5 trillion per year as a result of productivity losses and degraded quality of life. [24] [25] [26] These productivity losses are caused by deaths due to diseases caused by air pollution. One out of ten deaths in 2013 was caused by diseases associated with air pollution and the problem is getting worse.
Sources of water pollution are either point sources or non-point sources. [155] Point sources have one identifiable cause, such as a storm drain, a wastewater treatment plant or an oil spill. Non-point sources are more diffuse. An example is agricultural runoff. [156] Pollution is the result of the cumulative effect over time.
Climate-driven extreme weather conditions, such as droughts and intense precipitation, may be accelerating the pace at which toxic nitrates are polluting groundwater, a recent study has found.
nonpoint source pollution - water pollution affecting a water body from diffuse sources, rather than a point source which discharges to a water body at a single location. no-till farming - considered a kind of conservation tillage system and is sometimes called zero tillage.
Climate change affects many aspects of food security through "multiple and interconnected pathways". [23]: 1619 Many of these are related to the effects of climate change on agriculture, for example failed crops due to more extreme weather events. This comes on top of other coexisting crises that reduce food security in many regions.
[240] [241] It can affect transmission of infectious diseases, such as dengue fever and malaria. [238] [239] According to the World Economic Forum, 14.5 million more deaths are expected due to climate change by 2050. [242] 30% of the global population currently live in areas where extreme heat and humidity are already associated with excess deaths.
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