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The history of Islam is believed by most historians [1] to have originated with Muhammad's mission in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century CE, [2] [3] although Muslims regard this time as a return to the original faith passed down by the Abrahamic prophets, such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, Solomon, and Jesus, with the submission (Islām) to the will of God.
Islam [a] is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centred on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, [9] the religion's founder. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number 1.9 billion worldwide and are the world's second-largest religious population after Christians.
This is a timeline of the early history of Islam during the lifetime of Muhammad. The information provided in this article is based on Islamic oral tradition, not on historical or archaeological evidence. A separate list of military expeditions and battles is at List of expeditions of Muhammad.
This timeline of Islamic history relates the Gregorian and Islamic calendars in the history of Islam. This timeline starts with the lifetime of Muhammad, which is believed by non-Muslims to be when Islam started, [ 1 ] though not by Muslims .
Islamism a religio-political ideology that seeks to revive Islam to its past assertiveness and glory, [1] purify it of foreign elements, reassert its role into "social and political as well as personal life" [2] where "government and society are ordered in accordance with laws prescribed by Islam" (aka Sharia).
An early manuscript of Ibn Hisham's al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah, believed to have been transmitted by his students shortly after his death in 833. The most striking point about Muhammad's life and early Islamic history is; The information that forms the basis for writing histories is an irregular product of the storytelling culture and emerges as an increasing development of details over the centuries.
According to Watt, although Muhammad's decision to make the pilgrimage was based on his dream, he was at the same time demonstrating to the pagan Meccans that Islam does not threaten the prestige of their sanctuary, and that Islam was an Arabian religion. [66] Negotiations commenced with emissaries going to and from Mecca.
The first person who professed Islam was his wife, Khadija bint Khuwaylid. The identity of the second male Muslim, after Muhammad himself, is nevertheless disputed largely along sectarian lines, as Shia and some Sunni sources identify him as the first Shia imam Ali ibn Abi Talib , a child at the time, who grew up in the household of his cousin ...