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  2. Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam

    Islam [a] is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, [9] the religion's founder. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number approximately 1.9 billion worldwide and are the world's second-largest religious population after Christians. [10]

  3. History of Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Islam

    The Mosque of Uqba (Great Mosque of Kairouan), founded by the Umayyad general Uqba Ibn Nafi in 670, is the oldest and most prestigious mosque in the Muslim West; its present form dates from the 9th century, Kairouan, Tunisia. In 682, Yazid restored Uqba ibn Nafi as the governor of North Africa. Uqba won battles against the Berbers and ...

  4. Muhammad - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad

    Muhammad [a] (c. 570 – 8 June 632 CE) [b] was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. [c] According to Islam, he was a prophet who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monotheistic teachings of Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets.

  5. Timeline of the history of Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_history_of...

    This timeline of Islamic history relates the Gregorian and Islamic calendars in the history of Islam. This timeline starts with the lifetime of Muhammad, which is believed by non-Muslims to be when Islam started, [1] though not by Muslims. [2] [3] [4]

  6. Religion in the Middle East - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_the_Middle_East

    Today, there are estimated to be under 20,000 Zoroastrians in Iran. [117] It is one of the oldest monotheistic religions as it was founded 3500 years ago. [116] It was also one of the most powerful religions in the world for about 1000 years, during the Persian pre-Islamic dynasties. [116]

  7. History of Islamism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Islamism

    This shocked the Sunni clerical world, and some felt the need to present Islam not as a traditional religion but as an innovative socio-political ideology of a modern nation-state. [13] The success of the October Revolution , also known as the Bolshevik Revolution , in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin in 1917 was a source of ...

  8. Muhammad in Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_in_Islam

    [2] [3] Muslims believe that the Quran, the central religious text of Islam, was revealed to Muhammad by God, and that Muhammad was sent to guide people to Islam, which is believed not to be a separate religion, but the unaltered original faith of mankind (fiáš­rah), and believed to have been shared by previous prophets including Adam, Abraham ...

  9. Spread of Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spread_of_Islam

    The Formation of Islam, Cambridge University Press, 2003 (ISBN 978-0-521-58813-3). Devin De Weese, Devin A, Islamization and Native Religion in the Golden Horde, Penn State University Press, 1994 (ISBN 978-0-271-01073-1). Eaton, Richard M. The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204-1760. Berkeley: University of California Press, c1993 1993.