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  2. Indifference curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indifference_curve

    The negative slope of the indifference curve reflects the assumption of the monotonicity of consumer's preferences, which generates monotonically increasing utility functions, and the assumption of non-satiation (marginal utility for all goods is always positive); an upward sloping indifference curve would imply that a consumer is indifferent ...

  3. Risk aversion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_aversion

    Right graph: With fixed probabilities of two alternative states 1 and 2, risk averse indifference curves over pairs of state-contingent outcomes are convex. In economics and finance , risk aversion is the tendency of people to prefer outcomes with low uncertainty to those outcomes with high uncertainty, even if the average outcome of the latter ...

  4. Markowitz model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markowitz_model

    Indifference curves C 1, C 2 and C 3 are shown. Each of the different points on a particular indifference curve shows a different combination of risk and return, which provide the same satisfaction to the investors. Each curve to the left represents higher utility or satisfaction. The goal of the investor would be to maximize their satisfaction ...

  5. Marginal rate of substitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marginal_rate_of_substitution

    Under the standard assumption of neoclassical economics that goods and services are continuously divisible, the marginal rates of substitution will be the same regardless of the direction of exchange, and will correspond to the slope of an indifference curve (more precisely, to the slope multiplied by −1) passing through the consumption bundle in question, at that point: mathematically, it ...

  6. Robinson Crusoe economy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robinson_Crusoe_economy

    At this equilibrium point, the slope of the highest indifference curve must equal the slope of the production function. Recall that the marginal rate of substitution is the rate at which a consumer is ready to give up one good in exchange for another good while maintaining the same level of utility. [6]

  7. Monotone preferences - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monotone_preferences

    If an agent has monotone preferences which means the marginal rate of substitution of the agent's indifference curve is positive. Given two products X and Y. If the agent is strictly preferred to X, it can get the equivalent statement that X is weakly preferred to Y and Y is not weakly preferred to X.

  8. 'Deliberate indifference': The Supreme Court standard that ...

    www.aol.com/deliberate-indifference-supreme...

    Of the cases in BI's sample, 1,361 were argued under the deliberate-indifference standard. Only 10 plaintiffs prevailed in court; another 164 cases settled without the prison admitting liability.

  9. Efficient frontier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficient_frontier

    The positively sloped (upward-sloped) top boundary of this region is a portion of a hyperbola, [4] and is called the "efficient frontier". If a risk-free asset is also available, the opportunity set is larger, and its upper boundary, the efficient frontier, is a straight line segment emanating from the vertical axis at the value of the risk ...