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The M1 Garand or M1 rifle [nb 1] is a semi-automatic rifle that was the service rifle of the U.S. Army during World War II and the Korean War.. The rifle is chambered for the .30-06 Springfield cartridge and is named after its Canadian-American designer, John Garand.
The Winchester Model 30 was an experimental self-loading rifle offered to the United States War Department as an alternative to the M1 Garand. Winchester Repeating Arms modified the design to a selective fire Winchester Automatic Rifle after military field trials favored the Garand.
Therefore, the M1 carbine is significantly less powerful than the M1 Garand. Another comparison is a .357 Magnum cartridge fired from an 18" rifle barrel, which has a muzzle velocity range from about 1,718–2,092 ft/s (524–638 m/s) with energies at 720–1,215 ft⋅lb f (976–1,647 J) for a 110 gr (7.1 g) bullet at the low end and a 125 gr ...
Permanent 30-round hopper fed with 6 × 5-round stripper clips. M1 Garand: Semiautomatic rifle .30-06 Springfield United States 8-round en-bloc with internal magazine. [5] [6] OA-96 carbine: Carbine 5.56×45mm NATO United States Stripper clip with permanent 30-round STANAG box magazine. [7]
The first Springfield light rifle was designed by John Garand for the .30 Carbine competitions (tested 26–28 May 1941), which had the top feed magazine. It required offset sights to allow for the top mounted magazine and ejected rounds, which frequently strike the operator's left arm.
M1 Garand and en-bloc clips. At the outbreak of World War Two, the United States was the only nation in the world to have formally adopted a battle rifle as their service rifle. The M1 Garand fired the .30-06 Springfield cartridge, which loaded from an eight-round en bloc clip.
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After the .276 Garand rifle was selected over the Pedersen rifle, General Douglas MacArthur came out against changing rifle cartridges, since the Army had vast stockpiles of .30–06 ammunition left over from World War I, the .30-06 would have to be retained for machine gun use, and one cartridge simplified wartime logistics.