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In the late Old Latin period, the last element of the diphthongs was lowered to [e], [44] so that the diphthongs were pronounced [äe̯] and [oe̯] in Classical Latin. They were then monophthongized to [ɛː] and [eː] respectively, starting in rural areas at the end of the Republican period.
äu is used in German for the diphthong /ɔɪ/ in declension of native words with au ; elsewhere, /ɔɪ/ is written as eu . In words, mostly of Latin origin, where ä and u are separated by a syllable boundary, it represents /ɛ.ʊ/, e.g. Matthäus (a German form for Matthew).
For example, a, ca, sca, scra are all light syllables for the purposes of Latin stress assignment. Any other syllable is "heavy": if it is closed (ended) by a consonant: an, can, scan, scran; if the vowel is long or a diphthong in Latin, or in the Latin transliteration of Greek: ā, cā, scā, scrā (a long vowel) or æ, cæ, scæ, scræ (a ...
In Welsh, the digraph ll fused for a time into a ligature.. A digraph (from Ancient Greek δίς (dís) 'double' and γράφω (gráphō) 'to write') or digram is a pair of characters used in the orthography of a language to write either a single phoneme (distinct sound), or a sequence of phonemes that does not correspond to the normal values of the two characters combined.
Narrow diphthongs are the ones that end with a vowel which on a vowel chart is quite close to the one that begins the diphthong, for example Northern Dutch [eɪ], [øʏ] and [oʊ]. Wide diphthongs are the opposite – they require a greater tongue movement, and their offsets are farther away from their starting points on the vowel chart.
There are four examples of vowel tetragraphs that are found only in proper nouns: eare represents /ɪə/ in RP, as found in Shakespeare. orce represents /ʊ/ in RP, as found in Worcestershire. oore represents /ɔː/ in RP, as in Moore. ughe can represent /juː/, as in Hughes.
If ġeong and sċeolde had the diphthong eo, they would develop into Modern English *yeng and *sheeld instead of young and should. There is less agreement about the first process. The traditional view is that e, ē, æ, and ǣ actually became diphthongs, [16] [17] but a minority view is that they remained as monophthongs: [18] sċieran ...
It is possible that Proto-Indo-European had a few morphologically isolated words with the vowel *a: *dap-'sacrifice' (Latin daps, Ancient Greek dapánē, Old Irish dúas) or appearing as a first part of a diphthong *ay: *laywos 'left' (Latin laevus, Ancient Greek laiós, OCS lěvъ).