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The olecranon (/ oʊ ˈ l ɛ k r ə n ɒ n /, from Greek olene ' elbow ' and kranon ' head '), is a large, thick, curved bony process on the proximal, posterior end of the ulna.It forms the protruding part of the elbow and is opposite to the cubital fossa or elbow pit (trochlear notch).
The trochlear notch (/ ˈ t r ɒ k l ɪər /), [1] also known as semilunar notch and greater sigmoid cavity, is a large depression in the upper extremity of the ulna that fits the trochlea of the humerus (the bone directly above the ulna in the arm) as part of the elbow joint. It is formed by the olecranon and the coronoid process.
The trochlea articulated with the trochlear notch and coronoid. The elbow is a hinge joint with a rotatory component where the trochlea forms the convex, proximal surface which articulates with the concave, distal surface on the ulna, the trochlear notch. While the trochlea together with its associated fossae almost covers a 360° angle, the ...
The olecranon fossa is a deep triangular depression on the posterior side of the humerus, superior to the trochlea. It provides space for the olecranon of the ulna during extension of the forearm .
Olecranon fractures are rare in children, constituting only 5 to 7% of all elbow fractures. This is because in early life, olecranon is thick, short and much stronger than the lower extremity of the humerus. [5] However, olecranon fractures are a common injury in adults. This is partly due to its exposed position on the point of the elbow.
The semilunar notch is a large depression, formed by the olecranon and the coronoid process, and serving as articulation with the trochlea of the humerus. About the middle of either side of this notch is an indentation, which contracts it somewhat, and indicates the junction of the olecranon and the coronoid process.
The most common mechanisms of injury in olecranon fractures is fall on and outstretched hand and trauma directly to the bony process. [4] Olecranon fractures have been described by a variety of classification systems including Mayo, Colton, and Schatzker, [6] but they can the consensus among orthopedic surgeons is operative management is ...
[10] Extension is limited by the olecranon reaching the olecranon fossa, tension in the anterior ligament, and resistance in flexor muscles. Forced extension results in a rupture in one of the limiting structures: olecranon fracture, torn capsule and ligaments, and, though the muscles are normally left unaffected, a bruised brachial artery. [12]