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Iron is a chemical element; ... [107] [108] The earliest cast iron artifacts were discovered by archaeologists in what is now modern Luhe County, Jiangsu in China.
By this time, Chinese metallurgists had discovered how to fine molten pig iron, stirring it in the open air until it lost its carbon and could be hammered (wrought). In modern Mandarin-Chinese, this process is now called chao, literally stir frying. Pig iron is known as 'raw iron', while wrought iron is known as 'cooked iron'.
The earliest gold artifacts were discovered at the site of Wadi Qana in the Levant. [13] Silver is estimated to have been discovered in Asia Minor shortly after copper and gold. [14] There is evidence that iron was known from before 5000 BC. [15] The oldest known iron objects used by humans are some beads of meteoric iron, made in Egypt in ...
The Iron Age (c. 1200 – c. ... Artefacts including small knives and blades have been discovered in the Indian state of Telangana which have been dated between 2400 ...
Elemental iron is virtually absent on the Earth's surface except as iron-nickel alloys from meteorites and very rare forms of deep mantle xenoliths.Although iron is the fourth most abundant element in Earth's crust, composing about 5% by weight, [4] the vast majority is bound in silicate or, more rarely, carbonate minerals, and smelting pure iron from these minerals would require a prohibitive ...
Inuit lance made from a narwhal tusk with an iron head made from the Cape York meteorite. Native ironwork in the Northwest Coast has been found in places like the Ozette Indian Village Archeological Site, where iron chisels and knives were discovered.
Other pieces of Cape York meteoritic iron dating prior to 1450 (i.e. before the Little Ice Age) have been found throughout the Arctic Archipelago and on the North American mainland, and are evidence of an extensive Thule culture trade network [15] which supplied iron to First Nations peoples prior to European contact. [16]
The geologic history of the formations containing iron are typical of banded iron formations worldwide. [2]: 502–504 Before the 19th century, Native American groups mined native copper on the Keweenaw Peninsula. [9] William Austin Burt discovered iron ore in the Marquette Range near Negaunee, Michigan in 1844. Iron ore was discovered on the ...