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  2. Production of antibiotics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_of_antibiotics

    Production of antibiotics is a naturally occurring event, that thanks to advances in science can now be replicated and improved upon in laboratory settings. Due to the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming, and the efforts of Florey and Chain in 1938, large-scale, pharmaceutical production of antibiotics has been made possible.

  3. Penicillin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillin

    Methods for mass production of penicillin were patented by Andrew Jackson Moyer in 1945. [107] [108] [109] Florey had not patented penicillin, having been advised by Sir Henry Dale that doing so would be unethical. [89] Penicillin is actively excreted, and about 80% of a penicillin dose is cleared from the body within three to four hours of ...

  4. Elizabeth McCoy (microbiologist) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_McCoy...

    McCoy's new strain of penicillin produced 900 times as much as Alexander Fleming's strain; [6] this discovery enabled to the drug's widespread commercial production. [7] [8] This led to improved growing methods of the world’s first antibiotic which was used to treat life-threatening infections suffered by allied troops.

  5. β-Lactam antibiotic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Β-Lactam_antibiotic

    The production of a β-lactamase by a bacterium does not necessarily rule out all treatment options with β-lactam antibiotics. In some instances, β-lactam antibiotics may be co-administered with a β-lactamase inhibitor. For example, Augmentin (FGP) is made of amoxicillin (a β-lactam antibiotic) and clavulanic acid (a β-lactamase inhibitor).

  6. History of penicillin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_penicillin

    The history of penicillin follows observations and discoveries of evidence of antibiotic activity of the mould Penicillium that led to the development of penicillins that became the first widely used antibiotics. Following the production of a relatively pure compound in 1942, penicillin was the first naturally-derived antibiotic.

  7. John C. Sheehan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_C._Sheehan

    John Clark Sheehan (September 23, 1915 – March 21, 1992) was an American organic chemist whose work on synthetic penicillin led to tailor-made forms of the drug. After nine years of hard work at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (M.I.T.), he became the first to discover a practical method for synthesizing penicillin V.

  8. G. Raymond Rettew - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._Raymond_Rettew

    Granville Raymond Rettew (April 19, 1903 – June 24, 1973), known as G. Raymond Rettew, was an American chemist and mushroom spawn cultivator from Pennsylvania who pioneered the mass production of penicillin, the world’s first antibiotic. His methods helped save the lives of tens of thousands of wounded American and Allied troops during ...

  9. Antibiotic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibiotic

    A limited number of antibiotics also possess antiprotozoal activity. [3] [4] Antibiotics are not effective against viruses such as the ones which cause the common cold or influenza. [5] Drugs which inhibit growth of viruses are termed antiviral drugs or antivirals. Antibiotics are also not effective against fungi.