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In Christian theology, redemption (Ancient Greek: Ἀπολύτρωσις, apolutrosis) refers to the deliverance of Christians from sin and its consequences. [1] Christians believe that all people are born into a state of sin and separation from God, and that redemption is a necessary part of salvation in order to obtain eternal life. [2]
[citation needed] The theological absence of original sin in Islam renders the Christian concepts of atonement and redemption as redundant. [citation needed] Jesus simply conforms to the prophetic mission of his predecessors. [26] Jesus is understood to have preached salvation through submission to God's will and worshipping God alone.
In Islam, this concept is deemed to be a denial of monotheism, and thus a sin of shirk, [34] which is considered to be a major 'al-Kaba'ir' sin. [ 35 ] [ 36 ] The Quran itself refers to Trinity in Al-Ma'ida 5:73 which says " They have certainly disbelieved who say, "Allah is the third of three."
Christian influences in Islam can be traced back to Eastern Christianity, which surrounded the origins of Islam. [1] Islam, emerging in the context of the Middle East that was largely Christian, was first seen as a Christological heresy known as the "heresy of the Ishmaelites", described as such in Concerning Heresy by Saint John of Damascus, a Syriac scholar.
Ninth century Islamic commentators who invoked significant sections of the Bible in their writings include Ibn Qutaybah (d. 889) and his translation of Genesis 1–3, and Al-Qasim al-Rassi (d. 860) who included a large portion of the Book of Matthew in his Refutation of Christians. [36]
Islam also stresses that in order to gain salvation, one must also avoid sinning along with performing good deeds. Islam acknowledges the inclination of humanity towards sin. [28] [29] Therefore, Muslims are constantly commanded to seek God's forgiveness and repent. Islam teaches that no one can gain salvation simply by virtue of their belief ...
According to Eastern Christian theology, based upon their understanding of the atonement as put forward by Irenaeus recapitulation theory, Jesus' death is a ransom. This restores the relation with God, who is loving and reaches out to humanity, and offers the possibility of theosis or divinization, becoming the kind of humans God wants us to be.
Monotheism in Islam, known as Tawhid, is the religion's central and single most important concept, upon which a Muslim's entire religious adherence rests. Shirk , the act of ascribing partners to God – whether they be sons , daughters, or other partners – is considered to be a form of unbelief in Islam.