Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
String theory is a theoretical framework that attempts to address these questions and many others. The starting point for string theory is the idea that the point-like particles of particle physics can also be modeled as one-dimensional objects called strings. String theory describes how strings propagate through space and interact with each other.
At low energies, type IIB string theory is described by type IIB supergravity in ten dimensions which is a chiral theory (left–right asymmetric) with (2,0) d=10 supersymmetry; the fact that the anomalies in this theory cancel is therefore nontrivial.
String phenomenology is the part of string theory that attempts to construct realistic models of particle physics based on string and M-theory. [64] Typically, such models are based on the idea of compactification. [l] Starting with the ten- or eleven-dimensional spacetime of string or M-theory, physicists postulate a shape for the extra ...
An 11-dimensional theory introduced in the second string theory revolution to unify the 5 known superstring theories. The letter M has been said to stand for membrane, matrix, magic, mystery, monster, and so on. MSW Mikheyev–Smirnov–Wolfenstein effect concerning neutrino oscillations in matter. multiplet
A diagram of string theory dualities. Blue edges indicate S-duality. Red edges indicate T-duality. Up until the mid 1990s, physicists working on string theory believed there were five distinct versions of the theory: type I, type IIA, type IIB, and the two flavors of heterotic string theory (SO(32) and E 8 ×E 8). The different theories allow ...
Some physicists (e.g., John Baez et al.) have speculated that the exceptional Lie groups E 6, E 7 and E 8 having maximum orthogonal subgroups SO(10), SO(12) and SO(16) may be related to theories in 10, 12 and 16 dimensions; 10 dimensions corresponding to string theory and the 12 and 16 dimensional theories being yet undiscovered but would be ...
Furthermore, type IIA theory in strong coupling behaves like an 11-dimensional theory, with the dilaton field playing the role of an eleventh dimension. This 11-dimensional theory is known as M-theory. Unlike the T-duality, however, S-duality has not been proven to even a physics level of rigor for any of the aforementioned cases.
In string theory, the strings may be open (forming a segment with two endpoints) or closed (forming a loop like a circle) and may have other special properties. [1] Prior to 1995, there were five known versions of string theory incorporating the idea of supersymmetry (these five are known as superstring theories) and two versions without supersymmetry known as bosonic string theories, which ...