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The Sierra Madre Occidental run north to south in western Mexico from the center of the country towards the United States border. The Sierra Madre Occidental is Mexico's largest range, and the ecoregion extends approximately 1,200 kilometers from southern Arizona to northern Jalisco. [4] The highest peak is Cerro Mohinora (3300 m) in southern ...
The Spanish name sierra madre means "mother mountain range" in English, and occidental means "western", these thus being the "Western mother mountain range". [1] To the east, from the Spanish oriental meaning "eastern" in English, the Sierra Madre Oriental range or "Eastern mother mountain range" runs generally parallel to the Sierra Madre Occidental along eastern Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico.
The Espinazo del Diablo (Devil's Backbone) is a region of the Sierra Madre Occidental in the states of Sinaloa and Durango in northwestern Mexico.The region is known its natural beauty and biodiversity, including rare cloud forests, and for a stretch tortuous mountain highway (part of Mexican Federal Highway 40) also called the Espinazo del Diablo.
Pines and oaks coexist in the Nealtican Malpaís (Tianguismanalco, Puebla). The Madrean pine–oak woodlands are found at higher elevations in Mexico's major mountain ranges, the Sierra Madre Occidental, the Sierra Madre Oriental, the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, the Sierra Madre del Sur, the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca, the Peninsular Ranges of the Baja California Peninsula.
The sky islands were isolated from one another and from the pine–oak woodlands of the Sierra Madre Occidental to the south by the warming and drying of the climate since the ice ages. There are approximately 27 Madrean sky islands in the United States, and 15 in northern Mexico.
Sierra Madre Occidental — the primary mountain range of coastal northwestern Mexico. The Physiographic province (geology) is a part of the North American Cordillera system. The main article for this category is Sierra Madre Occidental .
The protected area consists of five separate areas, with a combined area of 2009 km 2, which covers portions of three ranges in northeastern Sonora, the Sierra Los Ajos, Sierra Buenos Aires, and Sierra La Púrica. [1] [2] These ranges are part of the northern Sierra Madre Occidental, and lie in the upper basin of the Yaqui River.
The Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests of the Sierra Madre Occidental bound the ecoregion on the northwest. The numerous mountains of the plateau which rise above the dry forests are occupied by sky islands of pine-oak forest. To the north, the Bajío dry forests transition to the drier, more temperate Central Mexican matorral