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Salmonellosis is a symptomatic infection caused by bacteria of the Salmonella type. [1] It is the most common disease to be known as food poisoning (though the name refers to food-borne illness in general), these are defined as diseases, usually either infectious or toxic in nature, caused by agents that enter the body through the ingestion of food.
Without treatment, symptoms may last weeks or months. [5] Diarrhea may be severe, but is uncommon. [7] Other people may carry it without being affected, but are still contagious. [8] Typhoid fever is a type of enteric fever, along with paratyphoid fever. [2] Salmonella enterica Typhi is believed to infect and replicate only within humans. [9]
Paratyphoid fever, also known simply as paratyphoid, is a bacterial infection caused by one of three types of Salmonella enterica. [1] Symptoms usually begin 6–30 days after exposure and are the same as those of typhoid fever. [1] [3] Often, a gradual onset of a high fever occurs over several days. [1]
Salmonella species can be found in the digestive tracts of humans and animals, especially reptiles. Salmonella on the skin of reptiles or amphibians can be passed to people who handle the animals. [39] Food and water can also be contaminated with the bacteria if they come in contact with the feces of infected people or animals. [40]
One likely cause is the fact that there are more than 2,500 salmonella serotypes but only around 100 cause human illnesses—and of those, only a handful are considered high-virulence in terms of ...
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In the case of Salmonella a relatively large inoculum of 1 million to 1 billion organisms is necessary to produce symptoms in healthy human volunteers, [71] as Salmonellae are very sensitive to acid. An unusually high stomach pH level (low acidity) greatly reduces the number of bacteria required to cause symptoms by a factor of between 10 and 100.
Joining norovirus on a list nobody would want to be a part of is hepatitis A, which ranked second as the most viral. According to the report, it causes 14 million cases of foodborne illness a year ...