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Affected children have rapid decline in kidney function resulting in end-stage renal disease within the first years of life, and require treatment with dialysis and kidney transplantation. [ 1 ] [ 4 ] Most children live fairly normal life post-transplant but will spend significant time hospitalised pre-transplant and have numerous surgeries to ...
Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) is a condition that results from the malformation of the kidney during fetal development. The kidney consists of irregular cysts of varying sizes. Multicystic dysplastic kidney is a common type of renal cystic disease, and it is a cause of an abdominal mass in infants. [5]
A hydronephrotic kidney may present as a palpable abdominal mass in the newborn, and may suggest an ectopic ureter or ureterocele. In older children, ureteral duplication may present as: [citation needed] Urinary tract infection – most commonly due to vesicoureteral reflux (flow of urine from the bladder into the ureter, rather than vice versa).
Nephronophthisis is a genetic disorder of the kidneys which affects children. [3] It is classified as a medullary cystic kidney disease.The disorder is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion and, although rare, is the most common genetic cause of childhood kidney failure.
While not present at birth, kidney problems develop in many affected boys at about one year of age. [1] Renal pathology is characterized by an abnormal loss of certain substances into the urine, including bicarbonate, sodium, potassium, amino acids, organic acids, albumin, calcium and L-carnitine. This problem is known as Fanconi-type renal ...
Renal agenesis is a medical condition in which one (unilateral) or both (bilateral) fetal kidneys fail to develop.. Unilateral and bilateral renal agenesis in humans, mice and zebra fish has been linked to mutations in the gene GREB1L. [1]
Segmental hypoplasia or Ask-Upmark kidney is a rare renal disease where a part of the kidney has undergone hypoplasia. The number of renal lobes is reduced, and the kidney size is less than two standard deviations from the average, with the weight often being over 50g in adults and 12–25g in children.
Disseminated disease: 25–30% of neonatal HSV infections. Disease is defined by multi-organ involvement, including liver, lungs CNS, heart, kidney, GI tract, and skin. Neonates with disseminated HSV infection present with nonspecific symptoms of neonatal sepsis. All infants with signs of neonatal sepsis should undergo testing for HSV and ...