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An Internet Protocol version 6 address (IPv6 address) is a numeric label that is used to identify and locate a network interface of a computer or a network node participating in a computer network using IPv6. IP addresses are included in the packet header to indicate the source and the destination of each packet.
Link-local addresses may be assigned manually by an administrator or by automatic operating system procedures. In Internet Protocol (IP) networks, they are assigned most often using stateless address autoconfiguration, a process that often uses a stochastic process to select the value of link-local addresses, assigning a pseudo-random address that is different for each session.
A unique local address (ULA) is an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) address in the address range fc00:: / 7. [1] These addresses are non-globally reachable [ 2 ] (routable only within the scope of private networks, but not the global IPv6 Internet).
Used for link-local addresses [5] between two hosts on a single link when no IP address is otherwise specified, such as would have normally been retrieved from a DHCP server 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0–172.31.255.255 1 048 576: Private network Used for local communications within a private network [3] 192.0.0.0/24 192.0.0.0–192.0.0.255 256
The address block fc00:: / 7 is reserved by IANA for unique local addresses (ULAs). [2] They are unicast addresses, but contain a 40-bit random number in the routing prefix to prevent collisions when two private networks are interconnected. Despite being inherently local in usage, the IPv6 address scope of unique local addresses is global.
If IPv4 is still used in the local area network (LAN), however, and the ISP can only provide one public-facing IPv6 address, the IPv4 LAN addresses are translated into the public facing IPv6 address using NAT64, a network address translation (NAT) mechanism. Some ISPs cannot provide their customers with public-facing IPv4 and IPv6 addresses ...
Multicast address scope IPv6 address [note 1] IPv4 equivalent [19]: §8 Scope [28] Purpose ffx0::/16, ffxf::/16: Reserved ffx1::/16: Interface-local Packets with this destination address may not be sent over any network link, but must remain within the current node; this is the multicast equivalent of the unicast loopback address. ffx2::/16: ...
In IPv6, every interface, whether using static or dynamic addresses, also receives a link-local address automatically in the block fe80:: / 10. [14] These addresses are only valid on the link, such as a local network segment or point-to-point connection, to which a host is connected.