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Hacienda Lealtad is a working coffee hacienda which used slave labor in the 19th century, located in Lares, Puerto Rico. [1]A hacienda (UK: / ˌ h æ s i ˈ ɛ n d ə / HASS-ee-EN-də or US: / ˌ h ɑː s i ˈ ɛ n d ə / HAH-see-EN-də; Spanish: or ) is an estate (or finca), similar to a Roman latifundium, in Spain and the former Spanish Empire.
The slave quarters at Hacienda Lealtad were renovated. By 1846, Juan Bautista Plumey's hacienda which at the time was called Hacienda La Esperanza "was the only property registered as an hacienda in official documents. He had 69 cuerdas planted in coffee worked by 33 slaves."
As the number of natives declined and mining activities were replaced by agricultural activities in the seventeenth century, the hacienda, or large landed estates in which labourers were directly employed by the hacienda owners (hacendados), arose because land ownership became more profitable than acquisition of forced labour.
The former slave workforce was hired by María Margarita, who became the sole owner of the hacienda until her death in 1885, when the plantation and house were bought by María Luisa del Carmen Capurro Marchany and her husband Narciso Deulofeu Serra, a newly arrived immigrant from Catalonia. Deulofeu Serra invested in modernizing the property ...
Hacienda Mercedita was a 300-acre (120 ha) sugarcane plantation in Ponce, Puerto Rico, founded in 1861, by Juan Serrallés Colón. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Today Hacienda Mercedita no longer grows sugarcane and its lands are instead used for growing mangoes, grasses, landscape plants and palms, coconut palms, bananas, and seeds.
The latifundia distressed Pliny the Elder (died AD 79) as he travelled, seeing only slaves working the land, not the sturdy Roman farmers who had been the backbone of the Republic's army. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] His writings can be seen as a part of the "conservative" reaction to the profit-oriented new attitudes of the upper classes of the Early Empire.
Earlier this year, Portugal's President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa said his country was responsible for crimes committed during transatlantic slavery and the colonial era, and suggested there was a ...
The Yauco Battle Site is the site of the Battle of Yauco between Spanish and American forces in the municipality of Guánica, Puerto Rico on July 25 and 26, 1898. It includes agricultural fields plus the main house and a slave building of Hacienda Desideria, a coffee plantation in a small valley about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from the town of Guánica, which was headquarters of a Spanish military ...