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The cimbasso is a low brass instrument that covers the same range as a tuba or contrabass trombone. First appearing in Italy in the early 19th century as an upright serpent , the term cimbasso came to denote several instruments that could play the lowest brass part in 19th century Italian opera orchestras .
The term cimbasso first appeared in early 19th century Italian opera scores, and originally referred to an upright serpent or an ophicleide. The modern cimbasso first appeared as the trombone basso Verdi in the 1880s and has three to six piston or rotary valves and a predominantly cylindrical bore. They are most often pitched in 12' F, although ...
The bass trombone (German: Bassposaune, Italian: trombone basso) is the bass instrument in the trombone family of brass instruments.Modern instruments are pitched in the same B♭ as the tenor trombone but with a larger bore, bell and mouthpiece to facilitate low register playing, and usually two valves to fill in the missing range immediately above the pedal tones.
Cimbasso. F Cimbasso; E♭ Cimbasso; C Cimbasso; B♭ Cimbasso; aerophones: 423.232: Italy: brass instruments: trombone Clarinets. Piccolo clarinet in A♭ (or G) Sopranino clarinet in E♭ (or D) Soprano clarinet in B♭ (or A; also C, low G) Basset clarinet in A; Clarinette d'amour in G; Basset horn in F; Alto clarinet in E♭ Bass clarinet ...
In Italy it was replaced by the cimbasso, a loose term that referred to several instruments; initially an upright serpent similar to the basson russe, then the ophicleide, early forms of valved tuba (pelittone, bombardone), and finally by the time of Verdi's opera Otello (1887), a valve contrabass trombone. [33]
This instrument was the prototype for the modern cimbasso, which has seen a 21st century revival in video game music and film scores. [15] By the beginning of the 20th century, mass production of reliable instruments with high quality slides led to a return to popularity of the slide trombone.
The cimbasso is also seen instead of a tuba in the orchestral repertoire. The Italian word cimbasso, first appearing in the early 19th century, is thought to be a contraction used by musicians of the term corno basso or corno di basso (lit. ' bass horn '), sometimes appearing in scores as c. basso or c. in basso. [7]
Giovanna d'Arco is scored for piccolo (briefly doubling second flute), flute, two oboes (second doubling cor anglais), two clarinets, two bassoons, four horns, two trumpets, six or nine offstage trumpets, three trombones, cimbasso, timpani, snare drum, bass drum and cymbals (cassa), cymbals (piatti), triangle, bell, cannon, wind band, wind band ...