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Steiner had wanted to write a philosophy of freedom since at least 1880. [12] The appearance of The Philosophy of Freedom in 1894 [13] was preceded by his publications on Goethe, focusing on epistemology and the philosophy of science, particularly Goethe the Scientist (1883) [14] and The Theory of Knowledge Implicit in Goethe's World Conception (1886). [15]
Philosophical Inquiries into the Essence of Human Freedom (German: Philosophische Untersuchungen über das Wesen der menschlichen Freiheit und die damit zusammenhängenden Gegenstände) is an 1809 work by Friedrich Schelling. It was the last book he finished in his lifetime, running to some 90 pages of a single long essay.
Absolute freedom is the vertiginous experience necessary for being authentic, yet such freedom can be so unpleasant as to impel people to choose an inauthentic life. As an aspect of authenticity, absolute freedom determines a person’s relation with the real world, a relation not based upon or determined by a system of values or an ideology ...
Others challenge the notion that Schelling's thought is marked by profound breaks, instead arguing that his philosophy always focused on a few common themes, especially human freedom, the absolute, and the relationship between spirit and nature.
In philosophy (often specifically metaphysics), the absolute, [a] in most common usage, is a perfect, self-sufficient reality that depends upon nothing external to itself. [2] In theology , the term is also used to designate the supreme being.
The final section of his Philosophy of Spirit presents the three modes of such absolute knowing: art, religion, and philosophy. [ w ] It is with reference to different modalities of consciousness – intuition , representation, and comprehending thinking – that Hegel distinguishes the three modes of absolute knowing.
The belief that freedom of speech would advance society presupposed a society sufficiently culturally and institutionally advanced to be capable of progressive improvement. If any argument is really wrong or harmful, the public will judge it as wrong or harmful, and then those arguments cannot be sustained and will be excluded.
The absolute idealist position dominated philosophy in nineteenth-century Britain and Germany, while exerting significantly less influence in the United States. The absolute idealist position should be distinguished from the subjective idealism of Berkeley , the transcendental idealism of Kant , or the post-Kantian transcendental idealism (also ...