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Karst topography is a geological formation shaped by the dissolution of a layer or layers of soluble bedrock, usually carbonate rock such as limestone or dolomite, but also in gypsum. [1] It has also been documented for weathering -resistant rocks, such as quartzite , given the right conditions. [ 2 ]
Pennsylvania is also home to the famous Drake Oil Well in Titusville which helped give rise to the modern oil industry and two brand name motor oils, Quaker State (now owned by Royal Dutch Shell) and Pennzoil. Pennsylvania also has reserves of natural gas from both deeply buried source rocks and coal-bed areas.
The Pennsylvania Dutch region in south-central Pennsylvania is a favorite for sightseers. The Pennsylvania Dutch, including the Amish, Mennonites, and at least 15 other sects are common in the rural areas around the cities of Lancaster, York, and Harrisburg with smaller populations extending northeast to the Lehigh Valley and up to the Susquehanna Valley.
Unlike other forms of municipalities in Pennsylvania, boroughs and towns are not classified according to population. Boroughs designated in the table below with a dagger (†) are home rule municipalities and are also found in the List of Pennsylvania municipalities and counties with home rule charters, optional charters, or optional plans. The ...
Seen most clearly in the deep and broken gorge of the Slippery Rock Creek [6] is the karst topography of the region around Rose Point, which also includes significant cave complexes. Leading among the caves in the area is the Harlansburg Cave, Pennsylvania's longest cave, which has been reported to extend from Harlansburg (eleven miles away) to ...
Tower karst – Topography from dissolved soluble rocks; Towhead – Exposed landmass within a river; Trim line – Clear line on the side of a valley marking the most recent highest extent of the glacier; Truncated spur – Ridge that descends towards a valley floor or coastline that is cut short; Tunnel valley – Glacial-formed geographic ...
Karst (/ k ɑːr s t /) is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble carbonate rocks such as limestone and dolomite. It is characterized by features like poljes above and drainage systems with sinkholes and caves underground.
The word fenster is German for 'window', as these features are windows into the karst landscape. The term is used to denote an unroofed portion of a cavern which reveals part of a subterranean river. [3] A complex system of caves, known as karst topography, evolves from the effects of water erosion on carbonate rocks such as limestone, dolomite ...