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For strategic planning to work, it needs to include some formality (i.e., including an analysis of the internal and external environment and the stipulation of strategies, goals and plans based on these analyses), comprehensiveness (i.e., producing many strategic options before selecting the course to follow) and careful stakeholder management ...
Strategic planning may also refer to control mechanisms used to implement the strategy once it is determined. In other words, strategic planning happens around the strategic thinking or strategy making activity. [15] Strategic management is often described as involving two major processes: formulation and implementation of strategy.
The Ansoff matrix is a strategic planning tool that provides a framework to help executives, senior managers, and marketers devise strategies for future business growth. [1] It is named after Russian American Igor Ansoff , an applied mathematician and business manager, who created the concept.
In strategic planning and strategic management, SWOT analysis (also known as the SWOT matrix, TOWS, WOTS, WOTS-UP, and situational analysis) [1] is a decision-making technique that identifies the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of an organization or project.
Hoshin Kanri (Japanese: 方針管理, "policy management") [1] is a 7-step process used in strategic planning in which strategic goals are communicated throughout the company and then put into action. [2] [3] The Hoshin Kanri strategic planning system originated from post-war Japan, but has since spread to the U.S. and around the world.
Strategic planning's role is "to realise and to support strategies developed through the strategic thinking process and to integrate these back into the business". [ 14 ] Henry Mintzberg wrote in 1994 that strategic thinking is more about synthesis (i.e., "connecting the dots") than analysis (i.e., "finding the dots").
Operational planning (OP) is the process of implementing strategic plans and objectives to reach specific goals. [1] An operational plan describes the specific steps in any given strategic planning model and explains how and what portion of resources will be put into operation during a given operational period: in the case of commercial-or government budget balance, a fiscal year.
Management by objectives (MBO), also known as management by planning (MBP), was first popularized by Peter Drucker in his 1954 book The Practice of Management. [1] Management by objectives is the process of defining specific objectives within an organization that management can convey to organization members, then deciding how to achieve each objective in sequence.