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  2. Metaphysics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphysics

    The position that metaphysical disputes have no meaning or no significant point is called metaphysical or ontological deflationism. [121] This view is opposed by so-called serious metaphysicians, who contend that metaphysical disputes are about substantial features of the underlying structure of reality. [122]

  3. Outline of metaphysics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_metaphysics

    Descartes' metaphysical thought is found in his Meditations on First Philosophy (1641) and Principles of Philosophy (1644). Baruch Spinoza (1632 – 1677) – one of the great rationalists of 17th-century philosophy. He defined "God" as a singular self-subsistent substance, and both matter and thought as attributes of such.

  4. Predication (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predication_(philosophy)

    The Aristotelian conceptualization of predication, for instance, focused on the metaphysical configurations that underlie sentences. [12] There are scholars who note that Aristotle's thought on the subject can be distinguished in two levels: ontological (where predicates pertain to things); and, logical (where predicates are something that is ...

  5. Extended metaphor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_metaphor

    An extended metaphor, also known as a conceit or sustained metaphor, is the use of a single metaphor or analogy at length in a work of literature. It differs from a mere metaphor in its length, and in having more than one single point of contact between the object described (the so-called tenor) and the comparison used to describe it (the vehicle).

  6. Deflationary theory of truth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deflationary_theory_of_truth

    Whether any complex sentence is satisfied is seen to be determined by its structure. An interpretation is an assignment of denotation to all of the non-logical terms of the object language. A sentence A is true (under an interpretation I) if and only if it is satisfied in I.

  7. Bhartṛhari - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhartṛhari

    The Brahma-kāṇḍa treats the metaphysical aspects of language. The Vākya-kāṇḍa deals with sentence structure and the relationship between its components. The Pada-kāṇḍa focuses on the meaning of words, phonetics, morphology, and semantics. [11] [3] [1] Bhartrhari's philosophy is centred around the concept of "sphoṭa".

  8. Sense and reference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sense_and_reference

    Frege developed his original theory of meaning in early works like Begriffsschrift (concept paper) of 1879 and Grundlagen (Foundations of Arithmetic) of 1884. On this theory, the meaning of a complete sentence consists in its being true or false, [5] and the meaning of each significant expression in the sentence is an extralinguistic entity which Frege called its Bedeutung, literally meaning ...

  9. Semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantics

    Semantics is the study of meaning in languages. [1] It is a systematic inquiry that examines what linguistic meaning is and how it arises. [2] It investigates how expressions are built up from different layers of constituents, like morphemes, words, clauses, sentences, and texts, and how the meanings of the constituents affect one another. [3]