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The effects of advertising on body image have been studied by researchers, ranging from psychologists to marketing professionals. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] While many factors, such as "parenting, education, [and] intimate relationships" also affect body image, "the media and body image are closely related."
Social media can significantly influence body image concerns in female adolescents. [27] Young women who are easily influenced by the images of others on social media may hold themselves to an unrealistic standard for their bodies because of the prevalence of digital image alteration. Social media can be a gateway to Body dysmorphic disorder.
Media effects research has confirmed that sexualizing media exposure can negatively affect preteens' body image and sexual development. While there is a link between sexualizing content and adverse outcomes such as self-objectification and body dissatisfaction, an interest in sexual media content is a normal part of healthy sexual development ...
Furthermore, social media trends such as “fitspiration” contribute to negative body image for females. In a study by Simpson and Mazzeo, they found that users are more likely to comment according to body-image standards, rather than health standards, and had a comparable amount of praise for fitness appearance as a thin appearance. [71]
Social media sites such as Instagram may exacerbate feelings of insufficiency and isolation as users engage in social comparison. This lowered self-esteem is due to a variety of factors including but not limited to objectification, body image stereotypes, and more that has been projected from current culture into social media.
The correlation between media image and body image has been proven; in one study, among European American and African American girls ages 7 – 12, greater overall television exposure predicted both a thinner ideal adult body shape and a higher level of disordered eating one year later.
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Watching pornography creates a virtual image of body ideals, sexual relationship behavior. Fictions in pornography can distort reality, [ 41 ] which can cause body shaming and sexual dissatisfaction. Researches also show that men who watch are less satisfied with their sexual life. [ 42 ]