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near D11S1998, D11S4464, and D11S912 [17] BMIQ5: 16p13 near ATA41E04 [18] BMIQ6: 20pter-p11.2 near D20S482 [18] INSIG2 [15] 2q14.1 FTO [15] 16q12.2 Adults who were homozygous for a particular FTO allele weighed about 3 kilograms more and had a 1.6-fold greater rate of obesity than those who had not inherited this trait. [19]
Fat mass and obesity-associated protein also known as alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FTO gene located on chromosome 16. As one homolog in the AlkB family proteins, it is the first messenger RNA (mRNA) demethylase that has been identified. [ 5 ]
The gene is located on the Q or long arm of chromosome 9 and is located near 9q34.3. MORM syndrome is an autosomal recessive congenital disorder [ 1 ] characterized by mental retardation , truncal obesity, retinal dystrophy , and micropenis ". [ 1 ]
Obesity has been associated with an inflammatory state, which is chronic and low-grade inflammation, known as meta-inflammation. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Meta-inflammation is subclinical meaning that while there is an increase in circulating pro-inflammatory factors, no clinical signs of inflammation , heat, pain, and redness, are seen with meta ...
Genetic linkage is the tendency of DNA sequences that are close together on a chromosome to be inherited together during the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction.Two genetic markers that are physically near to each other are unlikely to be separated onto different chromatids during chromosomal crossover, and are therefore said to be more linked than markers that are far apart.
Three chromosomal abnormalities with ISCN nomenclature, with increasing complexity: (A) A tumour karyotype in a male with loss of the Y chromosome, (B) Prader–Willi Syndrome i.e. deletion in the 15q11-q12 region and (C) an arbitrary karyotype that involves a variety of autosomal and allosomal abnormalities. [3]
According to the Obesity Action Coalition, medications that may cause weight gain include: Anti-depressants: SSRIs such as Paxil, Zoloft, Celexa, and Prozac, and tricyclic antidepressants
Affected individuals classically present with short stature between −4 and −10 standard deviations below median height, obesity, craniofacial abnormalities, micropenis, low blood sugar, and low serum IGF-1 despite elevated basal serum GH. [7] [5] [8] LS is a very rare condition with a total of 250 known individuals worldwide.