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Many electrical telegraph systems were invented that operated in different ways, but the ones that became widespread fit into two broad categories. First are the needle telegraphs, in which electric current sent down the telegraph line produces electromagnetic force to move a needle-shaped pointer into position over a printed list.
André-Marie Ampère (UK: / ˈ æ m p ɛər /, US: / ˈ æ m p ɪər /; [1] French: [ɑ̃dʁe maʁi ɑ̃pɛʁ]; 20 January 1775 – 10 June 1836) [2] was a French physicist and mathematician who was one of the founders of the science of classical electromagnetism, which he referred to as electrodynamics.
The electric telegraph was slower to develop in France due to the established optical telegraph system, but an electrical telegraph was put into use with a code compatible with the Chappe optical telegraph. The Morse system was adopted as the international standard in 1865, using a modified Morse code developed in Germany in 1848. [1]
Georges-Louis Le Sage (French: [lə saʒ]; 13 June 1724 – 9 November 1803) was a Genevan physicist and is most known for his theory of gravitation, for his invention of an electric telegraph and his anticipation of the kinetic theory of gases. He was a contributor to Diderot's Encyclopédie. [1]
He invented a precursor to the electric doorbell (specifically a bell that could be rung at a distance via an electric wire, 1831) [7] and electric relay (1835). [8] His work on the electromagnetic relay was the basis of the practical electrical telegraph , invented separately by Samuel F. B. Morse and Sir Charles Wheatstone .
Sir Charles Wheatstone (/ ˈ w iː t s t ə n /; [1] 6 February 1802 – 19 October 1875) was an English physicist and inventor best known for his contributions to the development of the Wheatstone bridge, originally invented by Samuel Hunter Christie, which is used to measure an unknown electrical resistance, and as a major figure in the development of telegraphy.
The Cooke and Wheatstone telegraph was an early electrical telegraph system dating from the 1830s invented by English inventor William Fothergill Cooke and English scientist Charles Wheatstone. It was a form of needle telegraph , and the first telegraph system to be put into commercial service.
Italian physicist Alessandro Volta invented the battery 1804: Thomas Young: Wave theory of light, Vision and color theory: 1808: Atomic theory by John Dalton: 1816: English inventor Francis Ronalds built the first working electric telegraph: 1820: Danish physicist Hans Christian Ørsted accidentally discovered that an electric field creates a ...