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Quivira was a province of the ancestral Wichita people, [1] located near the Great Bend of the Arkansas River in central Kansas, [1] The exact site may be near present-day Lyons extending northeast to Salina. The Wichita city of Etzanoa, which flourished between 1450 and 1700, is likely part of Quivira. [2]
Cliff dwellings – Constructed in the sides of the mesas and mountains of the Southwest, cliff dwellings comprised a large number of the defensive structures of the Pueblo people. Jacal is a traditional adobe house built by the ancestral Pueblo peoples. Slim close-set poles were tied together and filled out with mud, clay and grasses, or adobe ...
Etzanoa is a historical city of the Wichita people, located in present-day Arkansas City, Kansas, near the Arkansas River, that flourished between 1450 and 1700. [1] Dubbed "the Great Settlement" by Spanish explorers who visited the site, Etzanoa may have housed 20,000 Wichita people. [2]
The Taovaya and other Wichita tribes lived in beehive shaped houses thatched with grass and surrounded by fields of maize and other crops. The Taovaya are part of the Wichita tribes, which also include the Tawakoni, Waco ; and Guichita or Wichita Proper. [3] The Taovaya originated in Kansas, and possibly southern Nebraska. [2]
The Wichita people, or Kitikiti'sh, are a confederation of Southern Plains Native American tribes. Historically they spoke the Wichita language and Kichai language , both Caddoan languages . They are indigenous to Oklahoma , Texas , and Kansas .
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During the Pueblo IV period, Four Corners pueblo settlements were abandoned (northern and central portion of the Ancestral Pueblo region.) Drawings of kachina dolls, from an 1894 anthropology book. The Pueblo IV Period (AD 1350 to AD 1600) was the fourth period of ancient pueblo life in the American Southwest .
The Bluff Creek, Wilmore, and Pratt complexes are in south central Kansas. A group of protohistoric Wichita people villages in central Kansas are called the Great Bend aspect. [11] The Wheeler phase dates from 1450 to 1700 CE, [12] which comprised the Edwards complex of southwest Oklahoma (1500–1650) and the Wheeler complex (1650–1725). [13]