Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
In the first step of peptidoglycan synthesis, glutamine, which is an amino acid, donates an amino group to a sugar, fructose 6-phosphate. [20] This reaction, catalyzed by EC 2.6.1.16 (GlmS), turns fructose 6-phosphate into glucosamine-6-phosphate .
Divisome and elongasome complexes responsible for peptidoglycan synthesis during lateral cell-wall growth and division. [1]The divisome is a protein complex in bacteria that is responsible for cell division, constriction of inner and outer membranes during division, and peptidoglycan (PG) synthesis at the division site.
Lipid II is a precursor molecule in the synthesis of the cell wall of bacteria. It is a peptidoglycan, which is amphipathic and named for its bactoprenol hydrocarbon chain, which acts as a lipid anchor, embedding itself in the bacterial cell membrane. Lipid II must translocate across the cell membrane to deliver and incorporate its disaccharide ...
The basic peptidoglycan structure of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria comprises a sheet of glycan chains connected by short cross-linking polypeptides. Biosynthesis of peptidoglycan is a multi-step (11-12 steps) process comprising three main stages: formation of UDP-N-acetylmuramic acid (UDPMurNAc) from N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc).
This layered structure is called peptidoglycan (formerly called murein). GlcNAc is the monomeric unit of the polymer chitin, which forms the exoskeletons of arthropods like insects and crustaceans. It is the main component of the radulas of mollusks, the beaks of cephalopods, and a major component of the cell walls of most fungi.
PBPs are all involved in the final stages of the synthesis of peptidoglycan, which is the major component of bacterial cell walls.Bacterial cell wall synthesis is essential to growth, cell division (thus reproduction) and maintaining the cellular structure in bacteria. [2]
In particular, peptidoglycan synthesis is vital to cell wall production, and inhibitors of peptidoglycan synthesis have been of clinical interest for targeting bacteria for many decades. [24] [25] Furthermore, the periplasm is also relevant to clinical developments by way of its role in mediating the uptake of transforming DNA. [16]
Peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.129) is an enzyme used in the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan. It transfers a disaccharide-peptide from a donor substrate to synthesize a glycan chain. [1] This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases.