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These episodes may be far more frequent than expected, cause myocardial ischemia (i.e. insufficient blood flow to portions of the heart), and be accompanied by potentially serious abnormalities in the rhythm of heart beats, i.e. arrhythmias. The only evidence of the presence of totally asymptomatic variant angina would be detection of ...
As of 2010, angina due to ischemic heart disease affects approximately 112 million people (1.6% of the global population) being slightly more common in males than females (1.7% to 1.5%). [ 56 ] In the United States, 10.2 million are estimated to experience angina with approximately 500,000 new cases occurring each year.
Ectopic beat is a disturbance of the cardiac rhythm frequently related to the electrical conduction system of the heart, in which beats arise from fibers or group of fibers outside the region in the heart muscle ordinarily responsible for impulse formation (i.e., the sinoatrial node).
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is any disease involving the heart or blood vessels. [3] CVDs constitute a class of diseases that includes: coronary artery diseases (e.g. angina, heart attack), heart failure, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease, carditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease ...
Angina comes from the latin angere, which means to strangle, and pectoris comes from pectus, meaning chest—so angina pectoris loosely translates to “strangling of the chest”, which actually makes a lot of sense, because angina pectoris is caused by reduced blood flow which causes ischemia to the heart muscle, or lack of oxygen to the ...
Atherosclerosis: Overview. This article was reviewed by Craig Primack, MD, FACP, FAAP, FOMA. Atherosclerosis happens when a fatty substance called plaque builds up inside your arteries.
Although earlier changes can be discerned using electron microscopy, one of the earliest changes under a normal microscope are so-called wavy fibers. [23] Subsequently, the myocyte cytoplasm becomes more eosinophilic (pink) and the cells lose their transversal striations, with typical changes and eventually loss of the cell nucleus. [24]
This test helps determine if an angioplasty or bypass surgery is needed. [36] Coronary angiography should only be performed if a patient is a willing to undergo a coronary revascularization procedure. [37] During this test the doctor makes a small incision in the patient's groin or arm and inserts a catheter. [35]