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The lacrimal nerve branches from the ophthalmic nerve immediately before traveling through the superior orbital fissure to enter the orbit. [citation needed]At the superior portion of the lateral wall of the orbit, it also receives a secretomotor [2]: 495 communicating [2]: 402 parasympathetic [3] branch from the zygomaticotemporal nerve [2]: 495 for the lacrimal gland.
The lacrimal gland is a compound tubuloacinar gland, it is made up of many lobules separated by connective tissue, each lobule contains many acini.The acini composed of large serous cells which, produce a watery serous secretion, serous cells are filled with lightly stained secretory granules and surrounded by well-developed myoepithelial cells and a sparse, vascular stroma.
The lacrimal artery is an artery of the orbit. It is a branch of the ophthalmic artery. It accompanies the lacrimal nerve along the upper border of the lateral rectus muscle, travelling forward to reach the lacrimal gland. It supplies the lacrimal gland, two rectus muscles of the eye, the eyelids, and the conjunctiva.
The head rests on the top part of the vertebral column, with the skull joining at C1 (the first cervical vertebra known as the atlas).The skeletal section of the head and neck forms the top part of the axial skeleton and is made up of the skull, hyoid bone, auditory ossicles, and cervical spine.
The lacrimal apparatus is the physiological system containing the orbital structures for tear production and drainage. [1]It consists of: The lacrimal gland, which secretes the tears, and its excretory ducts, which convey the fluid to the surface of the eye; it is a j-shaped serous gland located in lacrimal fossa.
The zygomaticotemporal nerve (zygomaticotemporal branch, temporal branch) is a cutaneous nerve of the head. [1] It is a branch of the zygomatic nerve (itself a branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V 2)). It arises in the orbit and exits the orbit through the zygomaticotemporal foramen in the zygomatic bone to enter the temporal fossa.
The SCG provides sympathetic innervation to structures within the head, including the pineal gland, the blood vessels in the cranial muscles and the brain, the choroid plexus, the eyes, the lacrimal glands, the carotid body, the salivary glands, and thyroid gland. [6] The postganglionic axons of the SCG form the internal carotid plexus.
The zygomatic branches of the facial nerve (malar branches) are nerves of the face.They run across the zygomatic bone to the lateral angle of the orbit.Here, they supply the orbicularis oculi muscle, and join with filaments from the lacrimal nerve and the zygomaticofacial branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V 2).