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A female dog is usually diestrous (goes into heat typically twice per year), although some breeds typically have one or three cycles per year. The proestrus is relatively long at 5 to 9 days, while the estrus may last 4 to 13 days, with a diestrus of 60 days followed by about 90 to 150 days of anestrus.
If it was a cow's first time calving, she will take longer to re-breed by at least 10 days. [4] However, beef cattle can also be bred through artificial insemination, [1] depending on the cow and the size of the herd. Cattle are normally bred during the summer so that calving may occur the following spring. [1]
Beef calves suckle an average of 5 times per day, spending some 46 minutes suckling. There is a diurnal rhythm in suckling, peaking at roughly 6am, 11:30am, and 7pm. [21] Under natural conditions, calves stay with their mother until weaning at 8 to 11 months. Heifer and bull calves are equally attached to their mothers in the first few months ...
A calf that has lost its mother is an orphan calf, also known as a poddy or poddy-calf in British. Bobby calves are young calves which are to be slaughtered for human consumption. [1] A vealer is a calf weighing less than about 330 kg (730 lb) which is at about eight to nine months of age. [2]
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Young cattle (regardless of sex) are called calves until they are weaned, then weaners until they are a year old in some areas; in other areas, particularly with male beef cattle, they may be known as feeder calves or feeders. After that, they are referred to as yearlings or stirks [4] if between one and two years of age. [5]
A calf requires approximately 10% of its body weight in milk daily; for a 100 lb (45 kg) calf, this means 10 pounds (4.5 kg) of milk. [1] As the calf grows, the amount of milk it requires begins to exceed the capacity of its mother to produce the milk. [1] A 500 lb (230 kg) calf requires 50 pounds (23 kg) of milk, but a beef cow only produces ...
A cow calf operation is a method of rearing beef cattle in which a permanent herd of cows is kept by a farmer or rancher to produce calves for later sale. Cow–calf operations are one of the key aspects of the beef industry in the United States and many other countries. [1] In the British Isles, a cow–calf operation may be known as a single ...