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S. callicarpa berries are consumed by birds and mammals. [10] In Northern California, elderberries are eaten by migrating band-tailed pigeons. Elders are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including brown-tail, buff ermine, dot moth, emperor moth, engrailed moth, swallow-tailed moth and the V-pug. The crushed foliage ...
Sambucus cerulea is a large, deciduous shrub, which can grow to be 9 metres (30 feet) in height and 6 m (20 ft) in width. It normally grows rather wildly from several stems, which can be heavily pruned (or even cut to the ground) during winter dormancy.
Ripe elderberries are a favorite food for migrating band-tailed pigeons in northern California, which may sometimes strip an entire bush in a short time. The species provides good habitat for large and small mammals, [ 18 ] as well as nesting habitat for many birds, including hummingbirds, warblers, and vireos.
The flower called elderflower is edible, as are the ripe berries, although cooking may be preferred to inhibit intake of glycosides, which are associated with potential toxicity. [4] [13] A drink can be made from soaking the flower heads in water for eight hours. [4] Other uses for the fruit include wine, jelly and dye.
Sambucus racemosa is often a treelike shrub growing 2–6 m (7–20 ft) tall. The stems are soft with a pithy center.. Each individual leaf is composed of 5 to 7 leaflike leaflets, each of which is up to 16 cm (6 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) long, lance-shaped to narrowly oval, and irregularly serrated along the edges.
Bird food plants are certain trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants bearing fruits which afford food for birds. These have been discovered by observation, and by the ...
Bird food can vary depending upon dietary habits and beak shapes. Dietary habits refer to whether birds are naturally omnivores, carnivores, herbivores, insectivores or nectarivores. The shape of the beak, which correlates with dietary habits, is important in determining how a bird can crack the seed coat and obtain the meat of the seed. [2]
Endocarp (from Greek: endo-, "inside" + -carp, "fruit") is a botanical term for the inside layer of the pericarp (or fruit), which directly surrounds the seeds. It may be membranous as in citrus where it is the only part consumed, or thick and hard as in the pyrenas of drupe fruits of the family Rosaceae such as peaches, cherries, plums, and ...