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powercfg (executable name powercfg.exe) is a command-line utility that is used from an elevated Windows Command Prompt to control all configurable power system settings, including hardware-specific configurations that are not configurable through the Control Panel, on a per-user basis.
This approach combines the benefits of sleep mode and hibernation: The machine can resume instantaneously, but it can also be powered down completely (e.g. due to loss of power) without loss of data, because it is already effectively in a state of hibernation. This mode is called "hybrid sleep" in Microsoft Windows other than Windows XP.
Windows Vista introduced a hybrid sleep feature, which saves the contents of memory to hard disk but instead of powering down, enters sleep mode. If the power is lost, the computer can resume as if hibernated. Windows 7 introduced compression to the hibernation file and set the default size to 75% of the total physical memory. [18]
Scrap (.shs) files have been used by viruses because they can contain a wide variety of files (including executable code), and the file extension is not shown even when "Hide file extensions from known file types" is disabled. [15] The functionality can be restored by copying registry entries and the DLL from a Windows XP system. [16]
The "It's now safe to power off the system" screen in Windows 10 and 11. Microsoft's Windows 98 was the first operating system to implement ACPI, [ 17 ] [ 18 ] but its implementation was somewhat buggy or incomplete, [ 19 ] [ 20 ] although some of the problems associated with it were caused by the first-generation ACPI hardware. [ 21 ]
The OneDrive built-in sync client, which was introduced in Windows 8.1, no longer supports offline placeholders for online-only files in Windows 10. [23] [24] This functionality was re-added in Windows 10 version 1709, under the name "Files On-Demand". [25]
Filename extension Explicit processor declarations Arbitrary sections Metadata [a] Digital signature String table Symbol table 64-bit Fat binaries Can contain icon; ELF: Unix-like, OpenVMS, BeOS from R4 onwards, Haiku, SerenityOS: none Yes by file Yes Yes Extension [1] Yes Yes [2] Yes Extension [3] Extension [4] PE: Windows, ReactOS, HX DOS ...
Making files contiguous so that they can be read without unnecessary seeking. In Windows 2000 and later operating systems, Microsoft Drive Optimizer has the following limitations: It does not defragment files residing in the Recycle Bin or files that are in use. [7] In particular, this includes the registry, page file and hibernation file.