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The Eastern Woodlands is a cultural area of the Indigenous people of North America. The Eastern Woodlands extended roughly from the Atlantic Ocean to the eastern Great Plains , and from the Great Lakes region to the Gulf of Mexico , which is now part of the Eastern United States and Canada . [ 1 ]
The Middle Woodland period was dominated by cultures of the Hopewell tradition (200–500). Their artwork encompassed a wide variety of jewelry and sculpture in stone, wood, and even human bone. The Late Woodland period (500–1000 CE) saw a decline in trade and in the size of settlements, and the creation of art likewise declined.
800–1500: Mississippian culture spawns powerful chiefdoms of great agricultural Moundbuilders throughout the Eastern woodlands. 875: Patayan people begin farming along the Colorado River valley in western Arizona and eastern California. 900: Earliest event recorded in the Battiste Good (1821–22, Sicangu Lakota) Winter count. [5]
The cultures in this period were heavily influenced by their contemporary neighbors in the Eastern Woodlands, particularly the mound-building Hopewell culture. It was the first tradition pattern on the Great Plains to widely engage in mound building and is also characterized by limited gardening and the production of ceramic cookware.
Joseph Brant, a Mohawk, depicted in a portrait by Charles Bird King, circa 1835 Three Lenape people, depicted in a painting by George Catlin in the 1860s. Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands include Native American tribes and First Nation bands residing in or originating from a cultural area encompassing the northeastern and Midwest United States and southeastern Canada. [1]
The Plains Village period or the Plains Village tradition is an archaeological period on the Great Plains from North Dakota down to Texas, spanning approximately 900/950 to 1780/1850 CE. On the west and east, Plains villagers were bounded by the geography and landscapes of the Rocky Mountains and the Eastern Woodlands , respectively.
This is a list of Hopewell sites.The Hopewell tradition (also called the "Hopewell culture") refers to the common aspects of the Native American culture that flourished along rivers in the northeastern and midwestern United States from 200 BCE to 500 CE.
The Eastern woodlands of the United States extended further east to the Atlantic seaboard. In the southeast, longleaf pine dominated the grassy woodlands and open-floored forests which once covered 92,000,000 acres (370,000 km 2) from Virginia to Texas. These covered 36% of the region's land and 52% of the upland areas.