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Allowing for varying starting dates (see above under Roman period), this timeline chooses for convenience's sake to set the starting year of the Byzantine period as 313, when Constantine declared Christianity a permitted religion. The period ends with the Muslim conquest of Palestine in 637–641.
Hellenistic Palestine (Seleucus, Antigonus, Hasmonean kingdom) Roman Palestine ( Herodian kingdom , Province of Judaea , Syria Palaestina , Diocese of the East ( Palaestina Prima , Secunda , Salutaris ))
Herodian Kingdom divided to Tetrarchies under Roman protection. 6–135 AD The Early Roman period Roman Republic / Roman Empire Judaea (Roman province) / Samaria / Idumea / Galilee / Decapolis: 6 AD - Census of Quirinius. Revolt by Judas of Galilee. 66–73 AD: First Jewish–Roman War.
The sheer scale and scope of the overall destruction is described in a late epitome of Dio Cassius's Roman History, where he states that Roman war operations in the country had left some 580,000 Jews dead, with many more dying of hunger and disease, while 50 of their most important outposts and 985 of their most famous villages were razed to ...
The divisions of the Diocese of the East in late Roman Palestine, published 1715 by Willem Broedelet. Roman Palestine was a period in the history of Palestine characterised by Roman rule in the Palestine region, starting from the Hasmonean civil war 63 BC, up until either the end of the Second Temple Period with the First Roman-Jewish war in 70 CE, or the Early Muslim Conquest in the 7th ...
c. 130: Pausanias (geographer), [118] Description of Greece: (1) "Hard by is a sanctuary of the Heavenly Aphrodite; the first men to establish her cult were the Assyrians, after the Assyrians the Paphians of Cyprus and the Phoenicians who live at Ascalon in Palestine; the Phoenicians taught her worship to the people of Cythera."; [119] (2) "In ...
According to the 6th century hagiography Life of Barsauma, about a wandering monophysite monk, the Jews together with the pagans, constituted the majority in Palestine in the 5th century. However, some historians have questioned that claim. [15] Depending on the time, either a notable Roman or Persian military presence would be noted.
Syria Palaestina (Koinē Greek: Συρία ἡ Παλαιστίνη, romanized: Syría hē Palaistínē [syˈri.a (h)e̝ pa.lɛsˈt̪i.ne̝]) was the renamed Roman province formerly known as Judaea, following the Roman suppression of the Bar Kokhba revolt, in what then became known as the Palestine region between the early 2nd and late 4th centuries AD.