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  2. Food irradiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_irradiation

    The international Radura logo, used to show a food has been treated with ionizing radiation. A portable, trailer-mounted food irradiation machine, c. 1968 Food irradiation (sometimes American English: radurization; British English: radurisation) is the process of exposing food and food packaging to ionizing radiation, such as from gamma rays, x-rays, or electron beams.

  3. Electron-beam processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron-beam_processing

    For some materials and products that are sensitive to oxidative effects, radiation tolerance levels for electron-beam irradiation may be slightly higher than for gamma exposure. This is due to the higher dose rates and shorter exposure times of e-beam irradiation, which have been shown to reduce the degradative effects of oxygen. [18]

  4. Sterilization (microbiology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterilization_(microbiology)

    Sterilization can be achieved using electromagnetic radiation, such as ultraviolet light (UV), X-rays, and gamma rays, or irradiation by subatomic particles such as electron beams. [57] Electromagnetic or particulate radiation can be energetic enough to ionize atoms or molecules ( ionizing radiation ), or less energetic atoms or molecules ( non ...

  5. Gray (unit) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gray_(unit)

    Kerma ("kinetic energy released per unit mass") is used in radiation metrology as a measure of the liberated energy of ionisation due to irradiation, and is expressed in grays. Importantly, kerma dose is different from absorbed dose, depending on the radiation energies involved, partially because ionization energy is not accounted for.

  6. Gamma irradiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_irradiation

    Gamma irradiation is exposure to ionizing radiation with gamma rays. It may also refer to the following processes in particular: Ionizing radiation sterilization; Food irradiation; Gamma knife, used in radiosurgery

  7. Phytosanitary irradiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytosanitary_Irradiation

    Ionizing radiation such as gamma rays, electron beam, X-rays can be used to provide phytosanitary treatment. The direct effect of these high energy photons and electrons, as well as the free radicals they produce result in sufficient damage to large organic molecules such as DNA and RNA resulting in sterilization, morbidity or mortality of the target pests. [5]

  8. Irradiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiation

    Irradiation is the process by which an object is exposed to radiation. An irradiator is a device used to expose an object to radiation, notably gamma radiation , for a variety of purposes. [ 1 ]

  9. Cobalt-60 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobalt-60

    Cobalt therapy, using beams of gamma rays from 60 Co teletherapy machines to treat cancer. Radiation source for industrial radiography. [9] Radiation source for leveling devices and thickness gauges. [9] Radiation source for pest insect sterilization. [10] As a radiation source for food irradiation and blood irradiation. [8]

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