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  2. Algae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algae

    Algae that are carried passively by water are plankton, specifically phytoplankton. Algae constitute a polyphyletic group [4] since they do not include a common ancestor, and although their chlorophyll-bearing plastids seem to have a single origin (from symbiogenesis with cyanobacteria), [5] they were acquired in

  3. Chloroplast - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplast

    However, this is still much larger than other chloroplast genomes, which are typically around 150,000 base pairs. Chromatophores have also transferred much less of their DNA to the nucleus of their hosts. About 0.3–0.8% of the nuclear DNA in Paulinella is from the chromatophore, compared with 11–14% from the chloroplast in plants. [45]

  4. Photosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis

    Photosynthesis (/ ˌ f oʊ t ə ˈ s ɪ n θ ə s ɪ s / FOH-tə-SINTH-ə-sis) [1] is a system of biological processes by which photosynthetic organisms, such as most plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, convert light energy, typically from sunlight, into the chemical energy necessary to fuel their metabolism. Photosynthesis usually refers to ...

  5. Cyanobacteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanobacteria

    The name "cyanobacteria" (from Ancient Greek κύανος (kúanos) 'blue') refers to their bluish green color, [5] [6] which forms the basis of cyanobacteria's informal common name, blue-green algae, [7] [8] [9] although as prokaryotes they are not scientifically classified as algae.

  6. Chloroplast DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplast_DNA

    Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA), also known as plastid DNA (ptDNA) is the DNA located in chloroplasts, which are photosynthetic organelles located within the cells of some eukaryotic organisms. Chloroplasts, like other types of plastid , contain a genome separate from that in the cell nucleus .

  7. Plastid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastid

    In red algae, floridean starch is synthesized and stored outside the plastids in the cytosol. [16] Secondary and tertiary plastids: from endosymbiosis of green algae and red algae. Leucoplast: in algae, the term is used for all unpigmented plastids. Their function differs from the leucoplasts of plants.

  8. Dinoflagellate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinoflagellate

    One of the most striking features of dinoflagellates is the large amount of cellular DNA that they contain. Most eukaryotic algae contain on average about 0.54 pg DNA/cell, whereas estimates of dinoflagellate DNA content range from 3–250 pg/cell, [32] corresponding to roughly 3000–215 000 Mb (in comparison, the haploid human genome is 3180 ...

  9. Eukaryote - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote

    The most common type of plastid is the chloroplast, which contains chlorophyll and produces organic compounds by photosynthesis. Plants and various groups of algae have plastids as well as mitochondria. Plastids, like mitochondria, have their own DNA and are developed from endosymbionts, in this case cyanobacteria.