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Endianness is primarily expressed as big-endian (BE) or little-endian (LE), terms introduced by Danny Cohen into computer science for data ordering in an Internet Experiment Note published in 1980. [1] The adjective endian has its origin in the writings of 18th century Anglo-Irish writer Jonathan Swift.
BER: variable-length big-endian binary representation (up to 2 2 1024 bits); PER Unaligned: a fixed number of bits if the integer type has a finite range; a variable number of bits otherwise; PER Aligned: a fixed number of bits if the integer type has a finite range and the size of the range is less than 65536; a variable number of octets ...
Image file encoded in the Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) [9] 49 49 2A 00 (little-endian) II*␀ 0 tif tiff Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) [10] 4D 4D 00 2A (big-endian) MM␀* 49 49 2B 00 (little-endian) II+␀ 0 tif tiff BigTIFF [11] 4D 4D 00 2B (big-endian) MM␀+ 0 49 49 2A 00 10 00 00 00 43 52: II*␀␐␀␀␀CR: 0 cr2 Canon RAW ...
If the BOM is missing, RFC 2781 recommends [e] that big-endian (BE) encoding be assumed. In practice, due to Windows using little-endian (LE) order by default, many applications assume little-endian encoding. It is also reliable to detect endianness by looking for null bytes, on the assumption that characters less than U+0100 are very common.
The BOM for little-endian UTF-32 is the same pattern as a little-endian UTF-16 BOM followed by a UTF-16 NUL character, an unusual example of the BOM being the same pattern in two different encodings. Programmers using the BOM to identify the encoding will have to decide whether UTF-32 or UTF-16 with a NUL first character is more likely.
TIFF files begin with either "II" or "MM" followed by 42 as a two-byte integer in little or big endian byte ordering. "II" is for Intel, which uses little endian byte ordering, so the magic number is 49 49 2A 00. "MM" is for Motorola, which uses big endian byte ordering, so the magic number is 4D 4D 00 2A.
Motorola S-record is a file format, created by Motorola in the mid-1970s, that conveys binary information as hex values in ASCII text form. This file format may also be known as SRECORD, SREC, S19, S28, S37. It is commonly used for programming flash memory in microcontrollers, EPROMs, EEPROMs, and other types of programmable logic devices. In a ...
which identifies the file as a PLY file. The second line indicates which variation of the PLY format this is. It should be one of the following: format ascii 1.0 format binary_little_endian 1.0 format binary_big_endian 1.0 Future versions of the standard will change the revision number at the end - but 1.0 is the only version currently in use.