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Emergency Provisions are contained in Part Eighteen of the Constitution of India. The President of India has the power to impose emergency rule in any or all the Indian states if the security of part or all of India is threatened by "war or external aggression or armed rebellion".
Part XVIII is a compilation of provisions pertaining to the Constitution of India as a country and the union of states that it is made of. Five of the articles in this part of the constitution consists of emergency provisions. [1]
If the emergency has to be extended for more than three years, it can only be done by a Constitution of India constitutional amendment, as has happened in Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir. During such emergency, the President can take over the entire work of the executive, and the Governor administers the state in the name of the President.
The first President to issue an emergency proclamation [5] [6] was Woodrow Wilson, who on February 5, 1917, issued the following: . I have found that there exists a national emergency arising from the insufficiency of maritime tonnage to carry the products of the farms, forests, mines and manufacturing industries of the United States, to their consumers abroad and within the United States ....
In total, there are 136 emergency powers defined by law in the act that are made available to the president when they decide to declare a national emergency, and only 13 of these powers require ...
On the advice of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed proclaimed a state of national emergency on 25 June 1975.. The Emergency in India was a 21-month period from 1975 to 1977 when Prime Minister Indira Gandhi declared a state of emergency across the country by citing internal and external threats to the country.
States of emergency in South Africa are governed by section 37 of the Constitution and by the State of Emergency Act, 1997. The president may declare a state of emergency only when "the life of the nation is threatened by war, invasion, general insurrection, disorder, natural disaster or other public emergency" and if the ordinary laws and ...
Exclusive: It's known as the Doomsday Book—a stack of papers in a classified safe listing extraordinary powers a President might use after a nuclear attack or other catastrophe. Some former ...