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Simone D., a pseudonym for a psychiatric patient in the Creedmoor Psychiatric Center in New York, [10] who in 2007 won a court ruling which set aside a two-year-old court order to give her electroshock treatment against her will [11] [12] Duplessis Orphans Orphans of the 1950s in the province of Quebec, Canada, endured electroshock.
Shock therapy describes a set of techniques used in psychiatry to treat depressive disorder or other mental illnesses. It covers multiple forms, such as inducing seizures or other extreme brain states, or acting as a painful method of aversive conditioning. [1] Two types of shock therapy are currently practiced:
ECT became popular in the US in the 1940s. At the time, psychiatric hospitals were overrun with patients whom doctors were desperate to treat and cure. Whereas lobotomies would reduce a patient to a more manageable submissive state, ECT helped to improve mood in those with severe depression. A survey of psychiatric practice in the late 1980s ...
With each successive treatment, the patient is left with an ongoing loss of memory which will gradually clear after the course of therapy is finished”. [7] “ Patients usually receive 6 to 12 treatments for full therapeutic benefit, but the number of ECT applications is titrated individually for each case”. [ 5 ]
In 1927, Sakel, who had recently qualified as a medical doctor in Vienna and was working in a psychiatric clinic in Berlin, began to use low (sub-coma) doses of insulin to treat drug addicts and psychopaths, and when one of the patients experienced improved mental clarity after having slipped into an accidental coma, Sakel reasoned the treatment might work for mentally ill patients. [3]
Treatment is usually given twice a week (occasionally three times a week) for a total of 6–12 treatments, although courses may be longer or shorter. [2] About 70 per cent of ECT patients are women. [2] About 1,500 ECT patients a year in the UK are treated without their consent under the Mental Health Acts or the provisions of common law. [4]
Linda Andre (1959 – 2023) was an American psychiatric survivor activist and writer, living in New York City, who was the director of the Committee for Truth in Psychiatry (CTIP), an organization founded by Marilyn Rice in 1984 to encourage the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to regulate electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) machines.
The first step is seeking patient participation in that the health practitioner is tasked with communicating existing choices and therefore inviting them to the decision-making process. The next step involves assisting the patient to explore and compare the treatment options by a critical analysis of the risks and benefits.