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Due to the possibility of false positives, positive test results are usually reported as "reactive." This indicates that the assay reacted to antibodies, but this does not mean that the individual has the specific antibodies tested for. [5] Seroreversion is the opposite of seroconversion.
Cross-reactivity, in a general sense, is the reactivity of an observed agent which initiates reactions outside the main reaction expected.This has implications for any kind of test or assay, including diagnostic tests in medicine, and can be a cause of false positives.
There are several diagnostic tests for hepatitis C, including HCV antibody enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), recombinant immunoblot assay, and quantitative HCV RNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR). [16] HCV RNA can be detected by PCR typically one to two weeks after infection. In contrast, antibodies can take substantially longer to form and thus be ...
Cured of hepatitis C, however, doesn’t mean immune. Hepatitis C is not a one-and-done illness like, say, chickenpox. If you engage in the same behaviors that led to your hepatitis C infection ...
Mar. 14—Hepatitis C is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis C virus. It is becoming a big public health concern in many counties, including Lawrence County, encouraging us to review some ...
The false positive rate (FPR) is the proportion of all negatives that still yield positive test outcomes, i.e., the conditional probability of a positive test result given an event that was not present. The false positive rate is equal to the significance level. The specificity of the test is equal to 1 minus the false positive rate.
If a cold-reacting autoantibody is present, the false positive result can be resolved by warming the sample to 37 °C (99 °F). If the result is caused by an alloantibody, an antibody screen can be performed to identify the antibody, [7]: 141–2 and the reverse grouping can be performed using samples that lack the relevant antigen.
Heterophile antibodies can arise in non-EBV infections. False positive monospot tests may occur in cases of HIV, lymphoma, or systemic lupus erythematosus. Other assays for detection of EBV are available, including serologic markers. [7] An important clinical pearl for heterophile antibodies is they can also be seen in genetic immunodeficiencies.