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In the case of finitely many jump discontinuities, f is a step function. The examples above are generalised step functions; they are very special cases of what are called jump functions or saltus-functions. [8] [9] More generally, the analysis of monotone functions has been studied by many mathematicians, starting from Abel, Jordan and Darboux.
The original test was established by Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet in 1829, [1] for piecewise monotone functions (functions with a finite number of sections per period each of which is monotonic). It was extended in the late 19th century by Camille Jordan to functions of bounded variation in each period (any function of bounded variation is ...
hide. In mathematics, Helly's selection theorem (also called the Helly selection principle) states that a uniformly bounded sequence of monotone real functions admits a convergent subsequence. In other words, it is a sequential compactness theorem for the space of uniformly bounded monotone functions. It is named for the Austrian mathematician ...
The set of all points of discontinuity of a function may be a discrete set, a dense set, or even the entire domain of the function. The oscillation of a function at a point quantifies these discontinuities as follows: in a removable discontinuity, the distance that the value of the function is off by is the oscillation; in a jump discontinuity ...
A function that is not monotonic. In mathematics, a monotonic function (or monotone function) is a function between ordered sets that preserves or reverses the given order. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] This concept first arose in calculus, and was later generalized to the more abstract setting of order theory.
In the mathematical field of real analysis, the monotone convergence theorem is any of a number of related theorems proving the good convergence behaviour of monotonic sequences, i.e. sequences that are non- increasing, or non- decreasing. In its simplest form, it says that a non-decreasing bounded -above sequence of real numbers converges to ...
Thomae's function. Point plot on the interval (0,1). The topmost point in the middle shows f (1/2) = 1/2. Thomae's function is a real -valued function of a real variable that can be defined as: [1]: 531. It is named after Carl Johannes Thomae, but has many other names: the popcorn function, the raindrop function, the countable cloud function ...
In mathematics, Darboux's theorem is a theorem in real analysis, named after Jean Gaston Darboux. It states that every function that results from the differentiation of another function has the intermediate value property: the image of an interval is also an interval. When ƒ is continuously differentiable (ƒ in C1 ( [a, b])), this is a ...