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In mathematics, a multiplicative inverse or reciprocal for a number x, denoted by 1/ x or x−1, is a number which when multiplied by x yields the multiplicative identity, 1. The multiplicative inverse of a fraction a / b is b / a. For the multiplicative inverse of a real number, divide 1 by the number. For example, the reciprocal of 5 is one ...
In mathematics, the logarithm is the inverse function to exponentiation. That means that the logarithm of a number x to the base b is the exponent to which b must be raised to produce x. For example, since 1000 = 103, the logarithm base of 1000 is 3, or log10 (1000) = 3.
In mathematics, the floor function (or greatest integer function) is the function that takes as input a real number x, and gives as output the greatest integer less than or equal to x, denoted ⌊x⌋ or floor (x). Similarly, the ceiling function maps x to the smallest integer greater than or equal to x, denoted ⌈x⌉ or ceil (x).
Cubic function: Third degree polynomial. Quartic function: Fourth degree polynomial. Quintic function: Fifth degree polynomial. Sextic function: Sixth degree polynomial. Rational functions: A ratio of two polynomials. n th root. Square root: Yields a number whose square is the given one.
Exponential functions with bases 2 and 1/2. The exponential function is a mathematical function denoted by () = or (where the argument x is written as an exponent).Unless otherwise specified, the term generally refers to the positive-valued function of a real variable, although it can be extended to the complex numbers or generalized to other mathematical objects like matrices or Lie algebras.
Closed-form expression. In mathematics, an expression is in closed form if it is formed with constants, variables and a finite set of basic functions connected by arithmetic operations ( +, −, ×, /, and integer powers) and function composition. Commonly, the allowed functions are n th root, exponential function, logarithm, and trigonometric ...
Glossary of mathematical symbols. A mathematical symbol is a figure or a combination of figures that is used to represent a mathematical object, an action on mathematical objects, a relation between mathematical objects, or for structuring the other symbols that occur in a formula. As formulas are entirely constituted with symbols of various ...
Since f −1 (f (x)) = x, composing f −1 and f n yields f n−1, "undoing" the effect of one application of f. Notation. While the notation f −1 (x) might be misunderstood, (f(x)) −1 certainly denotes the multiplicative inverse of f(x) and has nothing to do with the inverse function of f.