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Epilepsy is a neurological condition of recurrent episodes of unprovoked epileptic seizures. A seizure is an abnormal neuronal brain activity that can cause intellectual, emotional, and social consequences. Epilepsy affects children and adults of all ages and races, and is one of the most common neurological disorders of the nervous system. [1]
The ability to categorize a case of epilepsy into a specific syndrome occurs more often with children since the onset of seizures is commonly early. [69] Less serious examples are benign rolandic epilepsy (2.8 per 100,000), childhood absence epilepsy (0.8 per 100,000) and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (0.7 per 100,000). [ 69 ]
Epileptogenesis. Epileptogenesis is the gradual process by which a typical brain develops epilepsy. [1] Epilepsy is a chronic condition in which seizures occur. [2] These changes to the brain occasionally cause neurons to fire in an abnormal, hypersynchronous manner, known as a seizure. [3]
The Bible was first translated into Castilian Spanish in the so-called Pre-Alfonsine version, which led to the Alfonsine version for the court of Alfonso X (ca. 1280). The complete Catholic Bible was printed in 1785, since the Inquisition had allowed Bible translations a few years earlier. A new version appeared in 1793.
Systemic infection with high fever is a common cause of seizures, especially in children. [3] [26] These are called febrile seizures and occur in 2–5% of children between the ages of six months and five years. [27] [26] Acute infection of the brain, such as encephalitis or meningitis are also causes of seizures. [3]
Absence seizures affect between 0.7 and 4.6 per 100,000 in the general population and 6 to 8 per 100,000 in children younger than 15 years. Childhood absence seizures account for 10% to 17% of all absence seizures. Onset is between 4 and 10 years and peaks at 5 to 7 years. It is more common in girls than in boys. [7]
An epileptologist is a neurologist who specializes in the treatment of epilepsy. [1] Epileptologists are experts in epileptic seizures and seizure disorders, anticonvulsants, and special situations involving seizures, such as cases in which all treatment intended to stop seizures has failed and epilepsy (especially poorly controlled epilepsy ...
Levetiracetam. Levetiracetam, sold under the brand name Keppra among others, is a medication used to treat epilepsy. [7] It is used for partial-onset, myoclonic, or tonic–clonic seizures and is taken either by mouth as an immediate or extended release formulation or by injection into a vein. [7]