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x86 memory segmentation. The Intel x86 computer instruction set architecture has supported memory segmentation since the original Intel 8086 in 1978. It allows programs to address more than 64 KB (65,536 bytes) of memory, the limit in earlier 80xx processors. In 1982, the Intel 80286 added support for virtual memory and memory protection; the ...
Four registers are used to refer to four segments on the 16-bit x86 segmented memory architecture. DS (data segment), CS (code segment), SS (stack segment), and ES (extra segment). Another 16-bit register can act as an offset into a given segment, and so a logical address on this platform is written segment:offset, typically in hexadecimal ...
Data segment. In computing, a data segment (often denoted .data) is a portion of an object file or the corresponding address space of a program that contains initialized static variables, that is, global variables and static local variables. The size of this segment is determined by the size of the values in the program's source code, and does ...
Memory segmentation is an operating system memory management technique of dividing a computer 's primary memory into segments or sections. In a computer system using segmentation, a reference to a memory location includes a value that identifies a segment and an offset (memory location) within that segment. Segments or sections are also used in ...
AMD Athlon (early version), a technically different but fully compatible x86 implementation. x86 (also known as 80x86[3] or the 8086 family[4]) is a family of complex instruction set computer (CISC) instruction set architectures [a] initially developed by Intel based on the 8086 microprocessor and its 8-bit-external-bus variant, the 8088.
x86 assembly language is the name for the family of assembly languages which provide some level of backward compatibility with CPUs back to the Intel 8008 microprocessor, which was launched in April 1972. It is used to produce object code for the x86 class of processors. Regarded as a programming language, assembly is machine-specific and low ...
if X = 1 then the segment is a code segment; if X = 0 then the segment is a data segment. S is the Segment type bit, which should generally be cleared for system segments; [38] DPL is the Descriptor Privilege Level; P is the Present bit; D is the Default operand size; G is the Granularity bit; Bit 52 of the 80386 descriptor is not used by the ...
Global Descriptor Table. The Global Descriptor Table (GDT) is a data structure used by Intel x86 -family processors starting with the 80286 in order to define the characteristics of the various memory areas used during program execution, including the base address, the size, and access privileges like executability and writability.