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Gallbladder hepatization, which is biliary sludge filling the entire gallbladder, giving it an echogenicity similar to the liver (seen at left). The patient had a stone in the cystic duct. Biliary sludge is typically diagnosed by CT scan or transabdominal ultrasonography. [1][2] Endoscopic ultrasonography is another more sensitive option.
A gallstone is a stone formed within the gallbladder from precipitated bile components. [2] The term cholelithiasis may refer to the presence of gallstones or to any disease caused by gallstones, [5] and choledocholithiasis refers to the presence of migrated gallstones within bile ducts. Most people with gallstones (about 80%) are asymptomatic ...
About 10–15% of adults in the developed world have gallstones. [5] Women more commonly have stones than men and they occur more commonly after age 40. [4] Certain ethnic groups are more often affected; for example, 48% of American Indians have gallstones. [4] Of all people with stones, 1–4% have biliary colic each year. [5]
In the developed world, 10 to 15% of adults have gallstones. [3] Of those with gallstones, biliary colic occurs in 1 to 4% each year. [3] Nearly 30% of people have further problems related to gallstones in the year following an attack. [3] About 15% of people with biliary colic eventually develop inflammation of the gallbladder if not treated. [3]
Gallbladder diseases are diseases involving the gallbladder and is closely linked to biliary disease, with the most common cause being gallstones (cholelithiasis). [1] [2]The gallbladder is designed to aid in the digestion of fats by concentrating and storing the bile made in the liver and transferring it through the biliary tract to the digestive system through bile ducts that connect the ...
Most fibrates can cause mild stomach upset and myopathy (muscle pain with CPK elevations). Fibrates decrease the synthesis of bile acid by down-regulation of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase and sterol 27-hydroxylase expression, therefore making it easier for cholesterol to precipitate and increasing the risk for gallstones.
Medications. Medications that may cause excessive hair growth include anabolic steroids, testosterone, cyclosporine (Sandimmune), minoxidil (Rogaine), danazol (Danocrine) and phenytoin (Dilantin ...
3D still showing gallstones. Gallstones form when the bile is saturated, usually with either cholesterol or bilirubin. [20] Most gallstones do not cause symptoms, with stones either remaining in the gallbladder or passed along the biliary system. [21] When symptoms occur, severe "colicky" pain in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen is often ...
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