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Vitamin E is a group of eight compounds related in molecular structure that includes four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. The tocopherols function as fat-soluble antioxidants which may help protect cell membranes from reactive oxygen species. Vitamin E is classified as an essential nutrient for humans.
Tocotrienols are named by analogy to tocopherols (from Greek words meaning to bear a pregnancy (see tocopherol); but with this word changed to include the chemical difference that tocotrienols are trienes, meaning that they share identical structure with the tocopherols except for the addition of the three double bonds to their side chains.
The liver recognizes and preferentially re-secretes α-tocopherol into circulation, making it the most abundant vitamer of vitamin E in the blood. [2] While tocotrienols are present in lower concentrations, they have more potent antioxidant properties than α-tocopherol and can have metabolic impacts at low concentration. [4]
For example, vitamin C can be synthesized by some species but not by others; it is not considered a vitamin in the first instance but is in the second. Most vitamins are not single molecules, but groups of related molecules called vitamers. For example, there are eight vitamers of vitamin E: four tocopherols and four tocotrienols.
α-Tocopherol (alpha-tocopherol) is a type of vitamin E.Its E number is "E307". Vitamin E exists in eight different forms, four tocopherols and four tocotrienols.All feature a chromane ring, with a hydroxyl group that can donate a hydrogen atom to reduce free radicals and a hydrophobic side chain, along with an aromatic ring is situated near the carbonyls in the fatty acyl chains of the ...
Tocopherols (/ t oʊ ˈ k ɒ f ə ˌ r ɒ l /; [1] TCP) are a class of organic compounds comprising various methylated phenols, many of which have vitamin E activity. Because the vitamin activity was first identified in 1936 from a dietary fertility factor in rats, it was named tocopherol, from Greek τόκος tókos 'birth' and φέρειν phérein 'to bear or carry', that is 'to carry a ...
[1] [2] Vitamin E exists in nature in eight forms, each of which consists of a head section joined to either a saturated or an unsaturated tail. The four compounds with the saturated tails are the tocopherols, and the four compounds with the unsaturated tails are the tocotrienols. There are four unique dihydrocoumarin head sections ...
α-Tocotrienol is a form of tocotrienol and one of the chemical compounds that is considered vitamin E. See also. β-Tocotrienol; γ-Tocotrienol; δ-Tocotrienol;